Figure 3.

Chemical Biology Applications of Ribozymes

(A) Trans-cleaving ribozymes for gene silencing.

(B) Intracellularly selected hammerhead ribozymes with enhanced cleavage activity in living cells. Spinach is a report RNA that binds with a small molecule, DFHBI, and emits fluorescence. Reprinted with permission from Huang et al. (2019). Copyright © 2019 Oxford University Press.

(C) Covalent labeling of a fluorophore on RNA by a self-alkylating ribozyme. Redrawn from Sharma et al. (2014).

(D) Rational design of an aptazyme for ligand-responsive gene expression.