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. 2018 Nov 1;11(11):5413–5421.

Table 1.

Comparative table of agreement between carcinogenic HPV detection in cervical and urine samples

Cervical samples Value (95% CI)


Negative Positive Total OPA (%) PPA (%) NPA (%) Cohen’s kappa
Urine samples Negative 41 24 65 73.7 (67.0-79.4) 80.5 (72.6-86.5) 61.2 (49.2-72.0) 0.42 (0.35-0.49)
Positive 26 99 125
Total 67 123 190

Note: OPA: Overall Percent Agreement; PPA: Positive Percent Agreement; NPA: Negative Percent Agreement.