Figure 1.

Phage persistence over time in the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) tanks and fish. Phage FCL-2 titers (pfu/mL) on (A) the fish tank water, (B) the moving bed water, (C) the fixed-bed water, (D) the aeration unit water, (E) fish mucus, (F) the moving bed plastic carrier media, (G) the fixed-bed plastic carrier media, (H) on fish gills (seven days after phage exposure). In A, B, C, and D, each tank was sampled once until day seven and in triplicates from day nine onwards. In E, three fish per tank were sampled in the first and fifth day, then three fish per control tank, and ten fish per phage-treated tank were measured from day seven onwards. In F and G, five carrier media pieces per tank were sampled in all time points. In H, three fish from each control tank and ten fish from each phage treated tank were measured.