Table 2.
List of targeted gene(s) and trait modified via the CRISPR/Cas9 system in different vegetable crops.
| Species | Target Gene | Target Trait | Delivery Method | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brassica campestris | pectin-methylesterase genes Bra003491, Bra007665, and Bra014410 |
methylation of pectin | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [99] |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata | Phytoene desaturase gene BoPDS, the S-receptor kinase gene BoSRK, and the male-sterility-associated gene BoMS1 | Albino phenotypes, Male sterility, self-incompatibility | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [100] |
| Cabbage | BoPDS | Albino phenotypes | Agrobacterium-mediated hypocotyl transformation | [101] |
| Cabbage | PDS and FRI | Albino phenotype and flowering | PEG-mediated protoplast transfection | [102] |
| Red cabbage | centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3) | haploid lines induction | protoplast transformation and Agro infiltration | [103] |
| Carrot | Flavanone-3-hydroxylase (DcF3H) | Anthocyanin biosynthesis blockage | Agrobacterium-mediated callus transformation | [104] |
| Carrot | DcMYB113-like | Anthocyanin biosynthesis | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [105] |
| Chicory | CiPDS | Albino phenotype | Agrobacterium-mediated leaf sections and protoplast transfection | [106] |
| Cucumber | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) | Virus resistance | Agrobacterium-mediated cotyledon transformation | [107] |
| Kale | PDS | Albino phenotypes | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [108] |
| Lettuce | LsBIN2 | Impaired brassinosteroid response | PEG-mediated protoplast transfection | [109] |
| Lettuce | LsNCED4 | Thermo-inhibition of seed germination | Agrobacterium-mediated cotyledon segments transformation | [110] |
| Potato | Acetolactate synthase1 (StALS1) | Herbicide resistance | Agrobacterium-mediated leaf transformation | [111] |
| Potato | 16α-hydroxylation (St16DOX) | Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) biosynthesis | Agrobacterium- mediated shoots transformation | [112] |
| Potato | Granule-bound starch synthase (StGBSS) | Starch quality | PEG-mediated protoplast transfection | [113] |
| Potato | StIAA2 | Aux/IAA protein | Agrobacterium- mediated stem segments transformation | [114] |
| Potato | SBE1, SBE2 | Starch quality | PEG-mediated protoplast transfection | [115] |
| Tomato * | Aux/IAA9 (SlIAA9) | Parthenocarpic Fruits | Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disk transformation | [116] |
| Tomato | Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8 | Resistance against Phelipanche aegyptiaca | Agrobacterium- mediated transformation | [117] |
| Tomato | SGR1, lycopene ε-cyclase, beta-lycopene cyclase, lycopene β-cyclase1, and LCY-B2 | Lycopene content | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [118] |
| Tomato | SlAGAMOUS-LIKE 6 (SlAGL6) | Parthenocarpic Fruits | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [119] |
| Tomato | Ripening inhibitor (RIN) | MADS-box transcription factor regulating fruit ripening | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [120] |
| Tomato | Self-pruning 5G (SlSP5G) | Day-length-sensitive flowering | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [121] |
| Tomato | Blade-on-petiole (SlBOP) | Inflorescence architecture | Agrobacterium-mediated cotyledon segments transformation | [122] |
| Tomato | Mildew Resistant Locus 1 (SlMlo1) | Powdery mildew resistance | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [123] |
| Tomato | Alcobaca (SLALC) | Long-shelf Life | Agrobacterium-mediated hypocotyls transformation | [124] |
| Tomato | lncRNA1459 | Fruit ripening repress | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [125] |
| Tomato | PDS | Albino phenotypes | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [126] |
| Tomato | SlyPDS, SlyGABA –TP1, SlyGABA –TP2, SlyGABA –TP3, SlyCAT9, and SlySSADH | Albino phenotype; γ–aminobutyric acid (GABA) | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [127] |
| Tomato | (Methyltransferase 1) SlMET1 | DNA methylation | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [128] |
| Tomato | enzymes pectate lyase (PL), polygalacturonase 2a (PG2a), and β-galactanase (TBG4) | Pectin Degradation control | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [129] |
| Tomato | NPR1 | drought tolerance | Agrobacterium-mediated cotyledon segments transformation | [130] |
| Tomato and potato | SlALS2 | Herbicide resistance | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation | [131] |
| Watermelon | PDS | Albino phenotype | Agrobacterium-mediated callus transformation | [132] |
* Not an exhaustive list.