Table 1.

Summary of the cumulative impacts of multiple transgenes manipulating Calvin–Benson Cycle, Photorespiration, CO₂ transport and Photosynthetic Electron Transport and their biological outcomes (Arabidopsis; LL; Low Light = 130 mol/m⁻²/s⁻¹ and HL; High Light = 390 mol/m⁻²/s⁻¹. Tobacco LL = 200–350 mol/m⁻²/s⁻¹; HL = 600–1400 mol/m⁻²/s⁻¹). Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase); fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (Ald); Bifunctional FB/SBPase (FS Bif); Glycine decarboxylase H protein (GDCH) Cytochrome c₆ (Cyt c₆); inorganic carbon transporter B (ictB) (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).

Manipulation	Plant	Transgene(s) Expressed			Biomass and Yield	Ref
CBC and Photorespiration	Arabidopsis Col-0	SBPase	-	-	42% increase in dry weight. 53% increase in seed yield under LL (39% increase in seed yield under HL)	[41]
		-	Ald	-	32% increase in dry weight. 35% increase in seed yield under LL (36% increase in seed yield under HL)
		SBPase	Ald	-	41% increase in dry weight. 49% increase in seed yield under LL (20% increase in seed yield under HL)
		-	-	GDCH	50% increase in dry weight. 0% increase in seed yield under LL (0% increase in seed yield under HL)
		SBPase	Ald	GDCH	71% increase in dry weight. 42% increase in seed yield under LL (62% increase in seed yield under HL)
CBC and CO2 transport	Tobacco cv Samsun	SBPase	-	-	30–34% increase in dry weight under HL (52% under LL)	[42]
		-	-	ictB	71% increase in dry weight (HL)
		SBPase	-	ictB	92% increase in dry weight under HL (76% under LL)
		SBPase	Ald	-	62% increase in dry weight under HL (54% under LL)
		SBPase	Ald	ictB	103% increase in dry weight under HL (79% under LL)
CBC and CO2 transport	Rice	FS Bif	-	-	no increase in biomass observed	[88]
		-	-	ictB	no increase in biomass observed
		FS Bif	-	ictB	increase in biomass demonstrating the synergistic effect