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. 2019 Oct 24;7(4):159. doi: 10.3390/vaccines7040159

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Antibody immune response induced after skin vaccination of BALB/c mice with free HT-ΔtolR or embedded in Gantrez^® AN119 microneedles. Specific serum IgG2a (a) and IgG1 (b) or fecal IgA (c) against HT-∆tolR in immunized BALB/c mice with 20 μg of HT-∆tolR or embedded in MNs (20 or 200 μg) (*, p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001, versus time 0). Blood and fecal samples were taken from week 0 to 4 week after immunization. The balance of Th1/Th2-immune response (d) is represented by the logarithm (Log) of the relative expression levels of IgG2a/IgG1 absorbance at week 4 post-immunization. Error bars represent SD.