Table 3.
Effect of soil drought on wheat genotypes differing in their drought susceptibility index (DSI) during the root-basket experiment. Plant height (H); leaf number (LNo); dry matter of shoot (S); total root dry matter (R); total plant dry matter (S + R ); shoot-to-root ratio (S/R); control treatment (C); drought treatment (D); relative trait change index (RTC); the mean of plant group is provided together with the standard error (SE); (n = 4).
| Genotype | Treatment | H (cm) | LNo | Dry Matter (g plant−1) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | R | S + R | S/R | ||||
| Drought-Sensitive Genotypes (DSI > 1.0) | |||||||
| Telimena | C | 46.50 b | 5.50 a | 1.67 a | 0.97 a | 2.64 a | 1.72 b |
| D | 35.00 ef | 5.20 ab | 1.07 de | 0.66 d | 1.73 f | 1.62 b | |
| RTC | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.05 | |
| Sirocco | C | 46.70 b | 5.20 ab | 1.62 a | 0.96 ab | 2.58 ab | 1.69 b |
| D | 39.00 ef | 5.00 bc | 1.10 d | 0.64 d | 1.74 f | 1.72 b | |
| RTC | 0.16 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.33 | −0.25 | |
| Goplana | C | 53.00 a | 5.20 ab | 1.63 a | 0.88 abc | 2.51 abc | 1.85 a |
| D | 35.90 ef | 5.00 bc | 0.97 e | 0.64 d | 1.61 f | 1.52 d | |
| RTC | 0.32 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.27 | 0.36 | −0.14 | |
| Mean ± SE | C | 48.70 ± 2.10 | 5.30 ± 0.10 | 1.64 ± 0.02 | 0.94 ± 0.03 | 2.58 ± 0.04 | 1.75 ± 0.05 |
| D | 36.60 ± 1.20 | 5.10 ± 0.10 | 1.05 ± 0.04 | 0.63 ± 0.02 | 1.68 ± 0.05 | 1.67 ± 0.03 | |
| RTC | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.05 | |
| Drought-Resistant Genotypes (DSI < 1.0) | |||||||
| Sharki | C | 42.2 cd | 5.2 ab | 1.50 b | 0.93 ab | 2.43 bc | 1.61 c |
| D | 34.2 f | 4.0 e | 1.23 c | 0.85 bc | 2.08 d | 1.45 e | |
| RTC | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.10 | |
| Struna | C | 41.5 cd | 5.0 bc | 1.49 b | 0.97 a | 2.47 bc | 1.54 d |
| D | 33.0 f | 4.5 d | 1.23 c | 0.91 abc | 2.14 d | 1.35 f | |
| RTC | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.12 | |
| SMJ 2115 | C | 44.7 bc | 5.5 a | 1.49 b | 0.94 ab | 2.43 c | 1.59 c |
| D | 36.3 ef | 4.7 cd | 1.11 d | 0.80 b | 1.91 e | 1.39 f | |
| RTC | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.12 | |
| Mean ± SE | C | 42.80 ± 1.00 | 5.20 ± 0.20 | 1.49 ± 0.00 | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 2.44 ± 0.01 | 1.58 ± 0.02 |
| D | 34.50 ± 1.00 | 4.40 ± 0.20 | 1.19 ± 0.04 | 0.85 ± 0.03 | 2.04 ± 0.07 | 1.40 ± 0.03 | |
| RTC | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.11 | |
| ANOVA | |||||||
| Variable | df | H | LNo | S | R | S + R | S/R |
| Genotype (G) | 5 | ns | * | ** | ** | ** | *** |
| Treatment (T) | 1 | * | ns | * | * | * | * |
| G × T | 5 | ns | ns | * | * | * | ** |
Different letters indicate significant differences within columns, according to the Duncan’s test (p < 0.05); *, **, ***—statistical significance at p < 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, respectively; ns—no significant differences; df—number of freedom degree. Based on RTC, the genotypes were divided into three groups: yellow—statistically significant decrease of traits under D in comparison with C, green—statistically significant increase of trait under D in comparison with C, blue—no statistically significant differences between C and D.