Table 4.
Effect of soil drought on wheat genotypes differing in their drought susceptibility index (DSI) during the root-basket experiment. Total root dry matter (R); number of nodal roots (RNo); length of nodal roots (RL); control treatment (C); drought treatment (D); relative trait change index (RTC); the mean of plant group is provided together with the standard error (SE); (n = 4).
| Genotype | Treatment | R | RNo | RL (cm) | ||||||
| 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | ||
| Drought-Sensitive Genotypes (DSI > 1.0) | ||||||||||
| Telimena | C | 0.04 g | 0.16 cd | 0.77 a | 0.25 g | 2.00 f | 9.75 a | 1.1 de | 40.6 e | 185.0 a |
| D | 0.04 g | 0.13 d | 0.49 c | 0.30 g | 2.50 e | 9.00 b | 1.2 de | 38.1 f | 105.6 f | |
| RTC | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.36 | −0.20 | −0.25 | 0.08 | −0.09 | 0.06 | 0.43 | |
| Sirocco | C | 0.04 g | 0.15 d | 0.68 b | 0.50 fg | 1.75 f | 7.75 de | 3.0 de | 50.3 c | 141.8 d |
| D | 0.05 fg | 0.13 d | 0.46 cd | 0.75 g | 2.00 f | 7.00 f | 3.4 de | 33.2 g | 90.1 g | |
| RTC | −0.25 | 0.13 | 0.32 | −0.50 | −0.14 | 0.10 | −0.13 | 0.34 | 0.36 | |
| Goplana | C | 0.04 g | 0.26 a | 0.66 b | 0.50 fg | 3.00 c | 7.50 e | 5.4 d | 40.6 e | 98.5 fg |
| D | 0.04 g | 0.16 cd | 0.44 cd | 0.75 g | 2.75 de | 7.00 f | 4.5 de | 45.6 d | 130.0 d | |
| RTC | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.33 | −0.50 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.16 | −0.12 | −0.32 | |
| Mean ± SE | C | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.18 ± 0.4 | 0.71 ± 0.07 | 0.43 ± 0.07 | 2.25 ± 0.38 | 8.33 ± 0.08 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 43.8 ± 0.1 | 141.8 ± 0.3 |
| D | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.1 | 0.46 ± 0.02 | 0.60 ± 0.15 | 2.42 ± 0.22 | 8.08 ± 0.46 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | 39.0 ± 0.2 | 108.6 ± 0.2 | |
| RTC | 0.09 | 0.22 | 0.35 | −0.40 | −0.08 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.23 | |
| Drought-Resistant Genotypes (DSI < 1.0) | ||||||||||
| Sharki | C | 0.07 ef | 0.27 a | 0.58 bc | 1.00 d | 3.75 b | 8.00 cd | 6.5 d | 57.1 b | 155.6 bc |
| D | 0.11 bc | 0.26 a | 0.48 cd | 1.75 b | 4.25 a | 8.00 cd | 11.8 bc | 63.8 a | 117.5 e | |
| RTC | −0.57 | 0.04 | 0.17 | −0.75 | −0.13 | 0.00 | −0.81 | −0.12 | 0.24 | |
| Struna | C | 0.08 de | 0.25 ab | 0.64 b | 1.00 d | 3.00 c | 7.75 de | 13.5 b | 61.3 a | 157.0 b |
| D | 0.13 ab | 0.24 b | 0.54 c | 1.75 b | 3.75 b | 8.00 cd | 19.5 a | 64.0 a | 134.4 d | |
| RTC | −0.63 | 0.04 | 0.16 | −0.75 | −0.25 | −0.03 | −0.44 | −0.04 | 0.14 | |
| SMJ 2115 | C | 0.10 cd | 0.19 c | 0.64 b | 1.50 c | 2.75 de | 9.25 a | 11.0 c | 50.0 c | 169.1 b |
| D | 0.15 a | 0.17 c | 0.48 cd | 2.75 a | 3.00 c | 7.50 e | 15.0 b | 53.0 c | 153.3 c | |
| RTC | −0.48 | 0.11 | 0.25 | −0.83 | −0.09 | 0.19 | −0.36 | −0.06 | 0.09 | |
| Mean ± SE | C | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 0.62 ± 0.02 | 1.17 ± 0.17 | 3.17 ± 0.30 | 8.33 ± 0.46 | 10.30 ± 0.30 | 56.10 ± 0.10 | 160.60 ± 0.10 |
| D | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.50 ± 0.02 | 2.08 ± 0.33 | 3.67 ± 0.36 | 7.83 ± 0.17 | 15.40 ± 0.03 | 60.30 ± 0.10 | 135.00 ± 0.10 | |
| RTC | −0.63 | 0.08 | 0.19 | −0.78 | −0.16 | 0.06 | −0.49 | −0.07 | 0.16 | |
| ANOVA | ||||||||||
| Variable | df | R | RNo | RL (cm) | ||||||
| 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | 0–30° | 30–60° | 60–90° | ||
| Genotype (G) | 5 | ** | * | * | *** | ** | * | ** | ** | ** |
| Treatment (T) | 1 | * | * | * | * | ns | ns | ** | * | * |
| G × T | 5 | * | * | * | ** | ns | ns | ns | ns | * |
Different letters indicate significant differences within columns, according to the Duncan’s test (p < 0.05); *, **, ***—statistical significance at p < 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, respectively; ns—no significant differences; df—number of freedom degree. Based on RTC, the genotypes were divided into three groups: yellow—statistically significant decrease of traits under D in comparison with C, green—statistically significant increase of trait under D in comparison with C, blue—no statistically significant differences between C and D.