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. 2019 Dec 1;8(4):278. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8040278

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm caused necrosis of the epithelial cells. (a,b) TEM of the co-cultures with A. actinomycetemcomitans shows the thickening of the necrotic layer in areas in close contact to the biofilm and (a,c) disruption of the nuclei beneath the biofilm.