Table 2.
Phenolic compounds identified in PEE by ethanol and methanol diode array detector (HPLC-DAD).
| # | Compound | Retention Time (min) | PEE (mg/g) a |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gallic acid | 1.9 | (+) |
| 2 | Cinnamic acid | 3.4 | 2.1 ± 0.2 b |
| 3 | p-coumaric acid | 7.8 | 2.9 ± 0.1 c |
| 4 | Ferulic acid | 8.7 | (−) |
| 5 | Naringenin | 27.3 | 50.2 ± 5.9 j |
| 6 | Quercetin | 30.8 | 6.5 ± 0.2 f |
| 7 | Luteolin | 36.4 | 3.7 ± 0.2 d |
| 8 | Kaempferol | 37.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 a |
| 9 | Apigenin | 40.6 | 4.4 ± 0.2 e |
| 10 | Pinocembrin | 44.5 | 130.7 ±1.8 k |
| 11 | Pinobanksin 3-acetate | 45.8 | (+) |
| 12 | CAPE | 49.0 | (+) |
| 13 | Chrysin | 51.4 | 12.3 ± 1.0 h |
| 14 | Galangin | 52.4 | 37.0 ± 2.1 i |
| 15 | Acacetin | 57.0 | 8.4 ±0.4 g |
| 16 | Pinostrobin | 62.9 | (+) |
(+), compound identified but not quantified; (−), compound not identified. Data represent mean ± standard deviation. Different superscripts (a–k) within the same column differ significantly (p < 0.05).