Table 1.
Demographic, chilla, and depression characteristics, Bachpan cohort, Pakistana
| Mean or N | SD or % | Min | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics (N = 823) | ||||
| Maternal Age | 26.62 | 4.43 | 18 | 40 |
| Maternal Education | ||||
| None | 111 | 12.23 | ||
| Primary (1–5) | 159 | 17.46 | ||
| Middle (6–8) | 157 | 18.94 | ||
| Secondary (9, 10) | 209 | 25.96 | ||
| Higher Secondary (11, 12) | 84 | 10.92 | ||
| Tertiary (> 12) | 103 | 14.50 | ||
| Parity | ||||
| First Pregnancy | 238 | 30.60 | ||
| One or more children | 585 | 69.40 | ||
| SES Quintiles | ||||
| Lowest | 153 | 15.99 | ||
| Lower Middle | 163 | 18.56 | ||
| Middle | 171 | 21.13 | ||
| Upper Middle | 165 | 21.64 | ||
| Highest | 171 | 22.68 | ||
| Mother-in-law | ||||
| Yes | 557 | 68.56 | ||
| People in Room | 2.37 | 1.73 | 0 | 23 |
| MSPSS 3 month | 4.74 | 1.15 | 1 | 7 |
| Chilla Characteristics (N = 729) | ||||
| Chilla | ||||
| Yes | 729 | 89.44 | ||
| Duration | ||||
| 1–7 | 71 | 9.06 | ||
| 8–14 | 78 | 9.58 | ||
| 15–20 | 120 | 15.79 | ||
| 21–25 | 38 | 4.89 | ||
| 26–30 | 53 | 7.01 | ||
| 31–35 | 30 | 4.25 | ||
| 36–40 | 339 | 49.42 | ||
| Chores | ||||
| Yes | 620 | 85.30 | ||
| Female Support | ||||
| Yes | 686 | 94.66 | ||
| Diet | ||||
| Yes | 679 | 93.84 | ||
| Satisfaction | ||||
| Yes | 602 | 84.79 | ||
| Depression Characteristics (N = 823) | ||||
| SCID (Baseline) | 405 | 37.54 | ||
| SCID (Six months) | 217 | 23.06 | ||
| PHQ-9 (Baseline) | 8.73 | 6.68 | 0 | 27 |
| PHQ-9 (6 months) | 4.70 | 5.44 | 0 | 27 |
a Percentages are based on weighted data to account for the sampling design in which 1 in every 3 non-depressed pregnant women were eligible for study inclusion; Abbreviations: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Socioeconomic Status (SES), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)