Table 2.
Lesion Characteristics Stratified by 3Di-PMR Cutoff
| 3Di-PMR < 51 PMR*mm3(n = 84) | 3Di-PMR ≥51 PMR*mm3(n = 57) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Angiographic findings | |||
| Target vessel | 0.375 | ||
| LAD/LCX/RCA | 52/14/18 | 29/9/19 | |
| Type B2/C lesion | 46 (55) | 35 (61) | 0.434 |
| Side branch at the PCI target lesion site | 53 (63) | 33 (58) | 0.534 |
| Calcification | 17 (20) | 7 (12) | 0.217 |
| Total lesion length, mm | 17 (10–26) | 18 (11–28) | 0.769 |
| PCI parameters | |||
| Stent diameter, mm | 3.0 (2.8–3.3) | 3.25 (3.0–3.5) | < 0.001 |
| Stent length, mm | 24 (18–33) | 24 (18–37) | 0.500 |
| Post-dilatation balloon size, mm | 3.3 (3.0–3.5) | 3.5 (3.3–4.0) | < 0.001 |
| Cross-sectional IVUS parameters | (n = 74) | (n = 52) | |
| Grayscale IVUS analysis | |||
| Lesion EEM CSA, mm2 | 8.4 (6.1–11.3) | 12.9 (8.9–15.8) | < 0.001 |
| Lesion lumen CSA, mm2 | 1.3 (1.0–2.0) | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 0.560 |
| Lesion P + M CSA, mm2 | 6.6 (5.0–9.4) | 11.3 (8.1–13.5) | < 0.001 |
| Plaque burden, % | 83 (77–86) | 89 (85–92) | < 0.001 |
| Remodeling index | 0.89 (0.78–1.05) | 1.06 (0.91–1.19) | < 0.001 |
| Positive remodeling | 19 (26) | 26 (50) | 0.004 |
| Ultrasound attenuation | 6 (8) | 18 (35) | < 0.001 |
| Attenuation length, mm | 0 (0–1.7) | 3.6 (0–6.6) | < 0.001 |
| Intracoronary thrombus | 2 (3) | 9 (18) | 0.015 |
| IB-IVUS parameters | |||
| Lipid area, % | 68 (57–80) | 81 (68–86) | 0.003 |
| Fibrous area, % | 24 (17–38) | 17 (13–28) | 0.007 |
| Calcified area, % | 3.7 (1.1–7.4) | 2.0 (0.4–3.7) | 0.030 |
| Volumetric IVUS analysis | |||
| Grayscale IVUS parameters | |||
| EEM volume, mm3 | 174 (135–247) | 246 (171–336) | < 0.001 |
| Lumen volume, mm3 | 62 (47–93) | 75 (57–107) | 0.147 |
| Total plaque volume, mm3 | 104 (82–140) | 158 (114–210) | < 0.001 |
| Plaque burden, % | 61 (55–67) | 66 (62–74) | < 0.001 |
| IB-IVUS parameters | |||
| Lipid volume, % | 68 (55–78) | 71 (63–83) | 0.039 |
| Fibrous volume, % | 28 (20–40) | 25 (16–33) | 0.052 |
| Calcified volume, % | 3.5 (1.6–7.3) | 2.4 (0.9–4.0) | 0.039 |
Values are medians (interquartile range) or n (%)
2D-PMR 2-dimensional plaque-to-myocardium signal intensity ratio, 3Di-PMR 3-dimensional integral of the plaque-to-myocardium signal intensity ratio, CSA Cross-sectional area, EEM External elastic membrane, IB-IVUS Integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound, LAD Left anterior descending coronary artery, LCX Left circumflex coronary artery, P + M Plaque plus media, PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention, PMR*mm3 the unit of 3Di-PMR; the integral of voxel volume multiplied by its PMR value > 1.0 from a coronary plaque, RCA Right coronary artery