Table IV.

Prevalence of T2DM, use of antiglycemic drugs, lifestyle factors and biochemistry in women with PCOS and controls.

	PCOS n = 27		Controls n = 94		P-value
T2DM, n (%)	5 (19)		1 (1)		<0.01
Insulin treatment, n (%)	3 (11)		2 (2)		0.07
Metformin treatment, n (%)	3 (11)		1 (1)		0.03
Sedentary lifestyle, n (%)	18 (67)		57 (63)		0.82
Sedentary work, n (%)	23 (89)		79 (89)		1.00
	mean ± SD	median (range)	mean ± SD	median (range)
High fat diet		44 (9–104)		45 (0–125)	0.57
High sugar diet		6 (1–36)		9 (0–56)	0.01
Mediterranean diet		72 (26–261)		79 (18–293)	0.47
P-glucose (mmol/L)	6.0 ± 1.7	5.4 (5–13)	5.0 ± 1.0	4.8 (4–13)	<0.01
S-insulin (mU/L)	14.1 ± 13.6	7.7 (3–52)	7.6 ± 5.7	6.4 (1–47)	0.07
HOMA-IR	4.5 ± 6.4	1.9 (0.8–29.6)	1.7 ± 1.5	1.4 (0.3–12.5)	0.02
S-SHBG (nmol/L)	66.1 ± 37.8	54.0 (25–178)	58.5 ± 25.7	57.1 (19.6–177.3)	0.70
S-testosterone (nmol/L)	1.01 ± 0.66	0.83 (0.40–2.70)	0.67 ± 0.27	0.62 (0.14–1.28)	0.06
FAI	2.2 ± 2.3	1.4 (0.3–10.8)	1.4 ± 1.0	1.1 (0.2–5.0)	0.40
OR of T2DM		unadjusted OR	CI (95%)
	PCOS	21.14	2.35–190.14
	BMI	1.45	1.17–1.80

High scores at the FFQ correspond to higher usage of that kind of food, high fat diet—possible score range, 0–630; high sugar diet—possible score range, 0–240; Mediterranean diet—possible score range, 0–540.

Significant P-values (<0.05) are marked as bold. Categorical comparisons were calculated using Fischer’s exact t-test. Intergroup comparisons of continuous variables that were normally distributed were tested with the independent samples Student’s t-test. Data that were not normally distributed were tested with the Mann–Whitney U test. ORs were computed with a multiple variate logistic regression analysis, to compare the relative impact of PCOS and BMI on T2DM diagnosis at follow-up.