Table 1.

Characteristics of selected studies

Study ID	Country	Dates of recruitment	Design	Population	Number of mothers (n = 4683)	Objective
Adams et al., 2016	Puerto Rico	11.15–07.16	Epidemiological report	Pregnant women in Puerto Rico	672	Update on the prevalence of Zika virus infection among pregnant women.
Adhikari et al., 2017	USA	03.16–10.16	Prospective, observational	Pregnant Hispanic women receiving prenatal care for travel to area with active Zika transmission	29	Report the baseline prevalence of travel-associated Zika infection in pregnant women, determine travel characteristics of women with evidence of Zika infection and evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Aragao et al., 2017	Brazil	12.15–11.16	Retrospective study	Infants with congenital Zika syndrome 1 year of age or younger	19	Review neuroimaging of infants to detect cases without microcephaly and compare them with those with microcephaly.
Besnard et al., 2016	French Polynesia	10.13–03.14	Retrospective, case series	Infants of pregnancies beginning between June 2013 and August 2014	19	Detecting congenital cerebral malformations and dysfunction in fetuses and newborns.
Bhatnagar et al., 2017	USA, Brazil, Colombia	12.15–07.16	Case series, tissue analysis	Pregnant women suspected with Zika virus infection	32	Investigating the mechanisms of Zika virus intrauterine transmission, replication and tropism and persistence.
Brasil et al., 2016	Brazil	09.15–05.16	Prospective, cohort study	Pregnant women presented to acute febrile illness or rash	116	Characterizing the spectrum of ZIKV disease in pregnant women and infants.
Gregianini et al., 2017	Brazil	10.15–12.16	Epidemiological report	Pregnant women with suspected ZIKV infection	6	Surveillance of Zika infection and microcephaly associated with congenital infection.
Guillmette-Artur et al., 2016	French Polynesia	06.13–05.14	Retrospective, case series	Fetuses with intrauterine Zika virus infection	3	Analyzing the MRI cerebral findings in fetuses with intrauterine Zika virus infection.
Hall et al., 2017	USA	01.16–07.17	Epidemiological report	Pregnant women with confirmed ZIKV infection	15	Surveillance of the Zika virus-associated neonatal birth defects.
Hamer et al., 2017	Americas	01.13–02.16	Case series	Recently travelled pregnant women with confirmed, probable or clinically suspected Zika infection	4	Describing the clinical manifestations and epidemiology of Zika infection in exposed travellers.
Honein et al., 201724	USA	01.15–09.16	Prospective, cohort study	Completed pregnancies with maternal, fetal or infant evidence of possible Zika infection	442	Estimating the proportion of fetuses or infants with birth defects after maternal Zika virus infection by trimester of infection and maternal symptoms.
Kam et al., 2017	Brazil	02.16–08.16	Prospective, cohort study	Acute ZIKV-infected adult patients	6	Investigating the clinical and immunological response in acute ZIKV-infected patients.
Meaney-Delman et al., 2016a	USA	08.15–02.16	Epidemiological report, case series	Pregnant travellers with laboratory-confirmed Zika disease	9	Update on the prevalence of Zika virus infection among pregnant women.
Meaney-Delman et al., 2016b	USA	N/R	Case series	Pregnant women who had travelled to or lived in area with active Zika transmission	5	Investigating the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pregnant women with Zika virus RNA in serum.
Millet et al., 2017	Spain	01.16–12.16	Cross-sectional, population-based	Imported pregnant ZIKV cases reported to Public Health Agency of Barcelona	6	Describe the diagnosed ZIKV cases and analyze the surveillance, prevention and control measures.
Rao et al., 2017	USA	01.16–08.16	Longitudinal, observational study	Pregnant women who had travelled to or had sexual contact with a person who travelled to an area with active Zika transmission	5	Evaluating pregnant patients with potential exposure to Zika virus infection.
Raegan-Steiner et al., 201730	USA	01.16–12.16	Epidemiological report	Completed pregnancies reported to US Zika Pregnancy Registry	449	Examining placental and fetal tissue specimens for Zika virus infection.
Reynolds et al., 2017	USA	01.16–12.16	Epidemiological report	Completed pregnancies with laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection reported to US Zika Pregnancy Registry	250	Analysis of completed pregnancies with laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection reported in 2016.
Schaub et al., 2017	Martinique	01.16–11.16	Prospective, case series	Pregnant women with suspected Zika infection or any fetal abnormalities at ultrasound examination	551	Prospective analysis of fetal and maternal fluids and tissues in fetuses with confirmed Zika virus infection cases.
de Oliveira-Szejnfeld et al., 2016	Brazil	06.15–05.16	Retrospective, review	Patients with rash occurring during pregnancy or suspected fetal CNS abnormality	16	Document the imaging findings associated with congenital Zika virus infection.
Sohan and Cyrus, 2017	Trinidad and Tobago	03.16–09.16	Observational, case series	Pregnant women infected with Zika in limited-resource setting	100	Evaluating the fetal brain in pregnant women infected with Zika virus in a limited-resource setting.
Zambrano et al., 2017	Ecuador	06.16–07.16	Case-control study	Pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy	32	Examining the presence of ZIKV in both plasma and cervical cytology of pregnant women.
Zin et al., 2017	Brazil	01.16–10.16	Descriptive, case series	Mother-infant pairs with PCR-confirmed Zika virus infection in maternal specimens	112	Evaluating eye findings in infants with confirmed Zika virus infection during pregnancy.
Pacheco et al., 2016	Colombia	08.15–04.16	Epidemiological report	Pregnant women with clinical symptoms of Zika disease	1484	Clinically assessing patients and evaluated infant microcephaly.
Pomar et al., 2017	French Guiana	01.16–07.16	Prospective, cohort study	Pregnant women with biologically confirmed ZIKV infection	301	Establishing the incidence of fetal central nervous system anomalies, congenital infection and fetal loss in pregnant women infected with ZIKV.