TABLE 1.

List of strains used in this study

Strain	Details	Source or reference
E. coli K-12 MG1655	Wild type	Kind gift from Sutirth Dey, IISER (Pune, India)a
E. coli Δlon::kan	Lon-deficient derivative of wild type	This study
E. coli folAW30G	Spontaneous trimethoprim-resistant isolate derived from wild type harboring the Trp30Gly mutations in its genomic copy of folA	31
E. coli folAW30G Δlon::kan	Lon-deficient derivative of E. coli folAW30G	This study
E. coli ΔsulA::cat	SulA-deficient derivative of wild type	This study
E. coli ΔsulA::cat Δlon::kan	Lon-deficient derivative of E. coli ΔsulA::cat	This study
E. coli ΔacrB::cat	AcrB-deficient derivative of wild type	This study
E. coli ΔacrB::cat Δlon::kan	Lon-deficient derivative of E. coli ΔacrB::cat	This study
E. coli ΔfolA::kan	DHFR-deficient derivative of wild type	Kind gift from Peter Wright, Scripps Research Institute (57)

^aIISER, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research.