Table 1.
Demographics and Cognitive Levels for the Four Study Groups
| |
Control wo TBI |
CI wo TBI |
TBI wo CI |
TBI w CI |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 42 | n = 19 | n = 21 | n = 26 | p | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age in years (SD) | 78.6 (8.8) | 79.5 (9.7) | 79.4 (9.6) | 74.7 (10.6) | NS |
| Number of males (%) | 35 (83.3) | 18 (94.7) | 18 (85.7) | 26 (100.0) | NS |
| Number of minority race (%) | 4 (9.5) | 3 (15.8) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (3.9) | NS |
| Education in years (SD) | 15.3 (1.8) | 14.9(2.2) | 15.3 (2.5) | 14.7 (2.1) | NS |
| Cognition | |||||
| MMSE score (SD) | 29.0 (1.3) | 26.4 (2.8) | 29.0 (1.0) | 27.6 (1.8) | <0.001* |
| Composite Z score (SD) | 0.25 (0.46) | -0.40 (0.49) | 0.24 (0.59) | -0.22 (0.58) | <0.001* |
TBI, traumatic brain injury; CI, cognitive impairment; wo, without; w, with; SD, standard deviation; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination.
*
p values for comparisons of two without TBI and two TBI groups.