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. 2020 Jan 10;10:1657. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01657

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Copyright © 2020 Park, Do, Kim, Park, Lee and Han

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Swimming and swarming motility of Xag strains. Three microliters of bacterial suspension (OD₆₀₀ of 0.3) were spotted onto the semi-solid medium (0.3% agar) for swarming (A and B) or positioned in to the middle of the medium by stabbing (C and D). Photographs of the motilities (A and C) were taken, and the expansion of colonies and colony halos (C and D) was measured at 3 days after incubation. Bars in the graph indicate the means of five biological replicates with the standard deviation. Different letters represent significant differences by one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). This experiment was repeated at least five times.