Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of dependent variables and results of ANOVAs comparing PD-nonICD, PD-ICD, and HC groups.
| PD-ICD (n = 15) | PD-nonICD (n = 22) | Healthy controls (n = 36) | Statistic value, p | Effect size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barrat scale | 60.47 (7.54) | 54.14 (5.60) | 54.31 (6.48) | F(2, 70) = 5.537, p = 0.006 | η2 = 0.137 |
| UPPS-P PRE | 20.60 (5.05) | 19.77 (4.36) | 18.67 (4.03) | F(2, 70) = 1.162, p = 0.319 | η2 = 0.032 |
| UPPS-P PER | 20.33 (5.08) | 19.14 (3.58) | 16.83 (3.48) | F(2, 70) = 5.140, p = 0.008 | η2 = 0.128 |
| UPPS-P SS | 22.07 (6.78) | 23.64 (6.76) | 26.25 (6.85) | F(2, 70) = 2.317, p = 0.106 | η2 = 0.062 |
| UPPS-P NU | 27.27 (6.44) | 25.18 (6.54) | 25.51 (6.22) | F(2, 69) = 0.537, p = 0.587 | η2 = 0.015 |
| UPPS-P PU | 28.33 (7.51) | 28.27 (6.99) | 26.69 (8.25) | F(2, 70) = 0.391, p = 0.678 | η2 = 0.011 |
| Go omissions % | 18.95 (5.57) | 18.76 (7,80) | 16.94 (5.96) | F(2, 70) = 0.782, p = 0.461 | η2 = 0.022 |
| Go RT | 419.36 (50.98) | 418.03 (48.11) | 402.83 (56.48) | F(2, 70) = 0.808, p = 0.450 | η2 = 0.023 |
| No-Go commissions % | 18.65 (12.36) | 25.97 (19.51) | 22.45 (17.21) | F(2, 70) = 0.827, p = 0.442 | η2 = 0.023 |
| SSRT | 298.46 (125.45) | 242.36 (115.86) | 281.97 (80.90) | F(2, 69) = 1.580, p = 0.213 | η2 = 0.044 |
| DD k 990 | 0.022 (0.046) | 0.061 (0.125) | 0.019 (0.050) | F(2, 65) = 1.886, p = 0.160 | η2 = 0.026 |
| DD k 24900 | 0.005 (0.0103) | 0.077 (0.385) | 0.004 (0.005) | F(2, 69) = 0.626, p = 0.538 | η2 = 0.018 |
| DD AUC 990 | 0.61 (0.31) | 0.43 (0.29) | 0.58 (0.34) | F(2, 68) = 1.854, p = 0.164 | η2 = 0.052 |
| DD AUC 24900 | 0.76 (0.25) | 0.71 (0.23) | 0.76 (0.30) | F(2, 68) = 0.251, p = 0.779 | η2 = 0.007 |
| IGT NET score 1st part | 13.80 (29.33) | 3.18 (25.80) | 7.17 (25.28) | F(2, 70) = 0.729, p = 0.486 | η2 = 0.020 |
| IGT NET score 2nd part | 39.07 (44.89) | −0.91 (33.84) | 15.00 (37.43) | F(2, 70) = 4.925, p = 0.010 | η2 = 0.123 |
| IGT B % 1st part | 24.55 (9.03) | 32.55 (10.72) | 31.00 (11.27) | F(2, 70) = 2.723, p = 0.073 | η2 = 0.072 |
| IGT B % 2nd part | 16.86 (13.74) | 36.64 (17.04) | 30.58 (15.98) | F(2, 69) = 6.696, p = 0.002 | η2 = 0.163 |
| Digit span | 14.47 (2.72) | 14.18 (3.00) | 14.67 (3.87) | F(2, 68) = 0.138, p = 0.872 | η2 = 0.004 |
| d2 speed | 119.07 (24.99) | 106.80 (24.50) | 126.06 (19.99) | F(2, 66) = 4.624, p = 0.013 | η2 = 0.123 |
| d2 accuracy (error %) | 9.25 (8.78) | 8.67 (6.06) | 9.39 (6.21) | F(2, 66) = 0.074, p = 0.929 | η2 = 0.002 |
| ToL moves | 34.79 (17.08) | 40.90 (24.29) | 31.08 (19.67) | F(2, 68) = 1.493, p = 0.232 | η2 = 0.042 |
| ToL init. time | 137.21 (71.74) | 91.25 (42.32) | 109.81 (55.98) | F(2, 68) = 2.841, p = 0.065 | η2 = 0.077 |
| ToL exec. time | 337.71 (164.86) | 360.10 (175.52) | 278.33 (141.59) | F(2, 68) = 2.000, p = 0.143 | η2 = 0.056 |
PRE, Lack of premeditation; PER, Lack of perseverance; SS, Sensation seeking; NU, Negative urgency; PU, positive urgency; Go RT, Go reaction time; SSRT, Stop signal reaction time; DD, delay discounting; AUC, Area under the curve; IGT, Iowa gambling task; IGT B %, percentage of B deck cards selections; ToL, Tower of London; moves, total number of moves made during the task; ToL inic. time; ToL exec. time.