Table 3.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with T1D and association with eGDR

Variables	Percentage (n)	eGDR	p value
Smoking
Yes	44.0 (88)	7.3 ± 2.5	0.011
No	56.0 (112)	8.2 ± 2.6
Gender
Male	42.0 (42)	6.4 ± 2.4	< 0.001
Female	58.0 (58)	8.7 ± 2.2
HbA1c
< 7.0	15.5 (31)	9.2 ± 2.2	< 0.001
> 7.0	84.5 (169)	7.5 ± 2.5
CVD
Yes	11.5 (23)	5.5 ± 2.4	< 0.001
No	88.5 (117)	8.0 ± 2.4
Hypertension
Yes	36.5 (73)	5.0 ± 1.4	< 0.001
No	63.5 (127)	9.3 ± 1.6
Diabetic retinopathy
Yes	58.5 (117)	7.1 ± 2.5	< 0.001
No	41.5 (83)	8.7 ± 2.3
Diabetic neuropathy
Yes	67.5 (135)	7.0 ± 2.5	< 0.001
No	32.5 (65)	9.2 ± 2.0
Microalbuminuria
Yes	34.0 (68)	6.6 ± 2.3	< 0.001
No	66.0 (132)	8.3 ± 2.5
Diabetic nephropathy
Yes	35.5 (71)	6.4 ± 2.3	< 0.001
No	64.5 (129)	8.5 ± 2.4
Disease duration
< 10 years	65.5 (139)	7.3 ± 2.6	< 0.001
> 10 years	34.5 (61)	8.7 ± 2.3
Age
< 50 years	87.5 (175)	8.0 ± 2.5	0.001
> 50 years	12.5 (25)	6.2 ± 2.8

HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, CVD cardiovascular disease