Fig. 5. ADT-OH in combination with VNP-FADD significantly inhibits melanoma xenograft growth in vivo.

a Animal treatment methods. b Representative therapeutic efficacy of ADT-OH combining with VNP strains for melanoma therapy. c The relative tissue distribution of the indicated stable strains was determined by colony formation assay. d Tumour growth curves. B16F10 tumour mice per group (n = 10 mice) were injected i.p. and gavage with PBS, ADT-OH, VNP, ADT-OH + VNP, VNP-FADD and ADT-OH + VNP-FADD. Tumour volumes among different groups were compared. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. e Kaplan–Meier survival curves of mice bearing B16F10 melanomas receiving different treatments as indicated. Data were analysed by the log-rank test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Detailed statistics are attached to Supplementary Fig. 13. f, g Tumour doubling time and growth delay for each group. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. h Detection of the expression of FADD, MKRN1 and cleaved-caspase 3 in tumour tissues of the melanoma bearing mice receiving different treatments by western blotting analysis. β-actin was served as loading control and band intensity quantified by Image J software is also shown in the right. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.