Figure 1.

Resveratrol (Res) treatment attenuated renal fibrosis in the obstructed kidneys by inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition and fibroblast–myofibroblast differentiation. (a) Masson trichrome staining showed that Res significantly reduced renal tubulointerstitial damage and total collagen deposition in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat models. Bar = 50 μm. (b) The scores based on Masson's staining indicate that interstitial collagen deposition in the resveratrol‐treated UUO group is lower than that in the UUO group. (c) Resveratrol reduced the expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and type III collagen in UUO kidneys. (d) Resveratrol inhibited the overexpression of α‐SMA and type I and type III collagen in UUO kidneys. (e) Resveratrol down‐regulated the expression of vimentin, N‐cadherin, and Rac1 but up‐regulated the expression of E‐cadherin in UUO kidneys. (f) Resveratrol increased E‐cadherin expression in UUO kidneys. (g) Resveratrol decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in UUO kidneys. (h) Results from the quantification of E‐cadherin and GFAP expression based on immunohistochemical staining. Data are expressed as means ± SEM for six rats per group. *P < .05, significantly different from the sham group; ^# P < .05, significantly different from the UUO group. Veh, vehicle