Figure 8.
Resveratrol (Res) inhibited the activities of Smad2/3 in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that resveratrol inhibited the expression and nuclear localization of Smad2/3 in TGF‐β1‐treated (a) NRK‐49F cells and (c) NRK‐52E cells and in (e) unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) kidneys. Bar = 20 μm in vitro; Bar = 50 μm in vivo. Resveratrol inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in TGF‐β1‐treated (b) NRK‐49F cells and (d) NRK‐52E cells and in (f) UUO kidneys. Res (HD), resveratrol (100 μmol·L−1); Res (LD), resveratrol (10 μmol·L−1); Veh, vehicle. Data are expressed as means ± SEM in quintuplicate for the cell line experiments. *P < .05, significantly different from the control group; # P < .05, significantly different from the TGF‐β1‐treated group