Table 2.
Baseline Pulmonary Function Characteristics of Subjects in 10 CT Imaging Subtypes
| Characteristic | No. of Subjects | Moderate to Severe Centrilobular Emphysema |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No CT Imaging Abnormality | Paraseptal Emphysema | Bronchial Disease | Small Airway Disease | Mild Emphysema | Upper Lung Predominant | Lower Lung Predominant | Diffuse | Discordant Visual | Discordant Quantitative | P Valuea | ||
| No. of subjects | 2,339 | 2,018 | 861 | 381 | 1,755 | 309 | 53 | 706 | 527 | 131 | … | |
| Baseline lung function | ||||||||||||
| FEV1 % predicted | 9,080 | 92.61 ± 14.71 | 68.69 ± 26.70 | 76.03 ± 19.57 | 79.24 ± 20.36 | 80.33 ± 22.11 | 50.04 ± 22.97 | 40.36 ± 16.86 | 44.98 ± 22.10 | 73.11 ± 21.24 | 82.44 ± 27.59 | < .001 |
| Ratio of FEV1 to FVC | 9,080 | 0.79 ± 0.06 | 0.60 ± 0.17 | 0.71 ± 0.10 | 0.69 ± 0.09 | 0.68 ± 0.12 | 0.47 ± 0.12 | 0.39 ± 0.09 | 0.43 ± 0.13 | 0.64 ± 0.12 | 0.65 ± 0.13 | < .001 |
| FVC % predicted | 9,080 | 91.36 ± 14.72 | 86.44 ± 19.28 | 83.35 ± 17.50 | 87.74 ± 16.44 | 89.50 ± 17.20 | 78.77 ± 21.03 | 75.90 ± 21.81 | 77.10 ± 21.29 | 87.04 ± 17.59 | 93.56 ± 20.13 | < .001 |
| BDRb % of baseline FEV1, No. (%) | 8,972 | 252 (10.9) | 450 (22.6) | 246 (28.9) | 97 (25.9) | 370 (21.4) | 101 (32.8) | 17 (32.1) | 220 (31.2) | 129 (24.6) | 20 (15.4) | < .001 |
| Spirometry classification, No. (%) | < .001 | |||||||||||
| PRISmc | 1,072 | 437 (18.7) | 167 (8.3) | 204 (23.7) | 18 (4.7) | 178 (10.1) | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (1.0) | 55 (10.4) | 3 (2.3) | … |
| Normal spirometry results,d | 3,832 | 1,795 (76.7) | 571 (28.3%) | 311 (36.1) | 128 (33.6) | 803 (45.8) | 10 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (2.5) | 145 (27.5) | 52 (39.7) | … |
| GOLD I | 744 | 107 (4.6) | 223 (11.1) | 59 (6.9) | 25 (6.6) | 173 (9.9) | 29 (9.4) | 1 (1.9) | 42 (5.9) | 62 (11.8) | 23 (17.6) | … |
| GOLD II | 1,817 | 0 (0.0) | 498 (24.7) | 207 (24.0) | 189 (49.6) | 416 (23.7) | 91 (29.4) | 13 (24.5) | 181 (25.6) | 192 (36.4) | 30 (22.9) | … |
| GOLD III | 1,078 | 0 (0.0) | 368 (18.2) | 67 (7.8) | 21 (5.5) | 159 (9.1) | 118 (38.2) | 22 (41.5) | 246 (34.8) | 57 (10.8) | 20 (15.3) | … |
| GOLD IV | 537 | 0 (0.0) | 191 (9.5) | 13 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 27 (1.5) | 58 (18.8) | 17 (32.1) | 212 (30.0) | 16 (3.0) | 3 (2.3) | … |
Data are mean ± SD unless indicated otherwise. BDR = bronchodilator response; GOLD = Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; PRISm = preserved ratio impaired spirometry.
a
P value tests for differences across all 10 groups.
b
The number of subjects who met American Thoracic Society criteria for BDR.
c
PRISm is ratio of FEV1 to FVC ≥ 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% predicted.
d
GOLD 0 indicates smokers with normal spirometry results, not necessarily without symptoms.