Figure 3.

Involvement of the ALDH1A1 downstream pathway. A: mRNA levels of Sox2, Bmi1 and vimentin were downregulated in Eca109 cells when measured by RT-PCR after knockdown of DKK1 for 24 hours. B: The levels of Sox2 and vimentin proteins were also downregulated by representative immunoblots and densitometry analysis in Eca109 EC cells. C: The signal pathway suggesting that ALDH1A1 is activated by p38 and JNK-mediated modulation of c-Jun. Statistically significant differences are indicated: *P < 0.05; Student’s t test. The experiment was repeated at least three times.