Figure 1.

Presence of C. albicans during urinary tract infection increases GBS colonization of the bladder. Female C57Bl/6J mice were infected with 1 × 10⁷ CFU bacteria, fungi or a mixed culture of bacteria and fungi via transurethral inoculation. At 24 h, bladder, urine, and kidneys were harvested and assessed for bacterial (A–C) and fungal (D–F) growth. Squares represent individual mice, and lines represent the median for each group. Experiments were done three times independently and data combined (n = 14–15 mice per group). Statistical analysis between samples was performed using Mann-Whitney test. Significant comparisons are indicated; all others are not significant. ^**P < 0.01.