. 2020 Jan 2;7(1):e14035. doi: 10.2196/14035

Table 4.

Main effects of ordinary least squares regression models with robust standard errors predicting compulsive internet use (Compulsive Internet Use Scale) in 3 countries.

Model		United Sates				South Korea				Finland
		B^a	SE	Beta	P value	B	SE	Beta	P value	B	SE	Beta	P value
Model 1
	Constant	8.2^b	2.6^b	—^c	.002^b	23.6^b	2.5^b	—	<.001^b	19.8^b	2.6^b	—	<.001^b
	Perceived loneliness	3.02^b	0.21^b	.41^b	<.001^b	2.2^b	0.22^b	.30^b	<.001^b	1.8^b	0.18^b	.28^b	<.001^b
	Age (years)	–.06	0.11	–.01	.58	–.63^b	0.11^b	–.16^b	<.001^b	–.51^b	0.11^b	–.13^b	<.001^b
	Gender^d	–1.5^b	0.72^b	–.05^b	.04^b	0.54	0.7	0.02	.44	0.24	0.62	0.01	.7
	Living alone^e	2.7^b	1.2^b	.06^b	.03^b	0.78	1.1	0.02	.48	–.40	0.68	–.02	.56
	R²	0.18	—	—	—	0.11	—	—	—	0.09	—	—	—
Model 2
	Constant	–3.0	2.9	—	.3	6.3	3	—	.04	9.3	3.1	—	.003
	Perceived loneliness	2.2^b	0.23^b	.30^b	<.001^b	1.6^b	0.24^b	.21^b	<.001^b	1.4^b	0.21^b	.23^b	<.001^b
	Age (years)	–.07	0.11	–.02	.52	–.35^b	0.11^b	–.09^b	.001^b	–.34^b	0.11^b	–.09^b	.002^b
	Gender^d	–1.2	0.68	–.04	.09	0.26	0.67	0.01	.7	0.64	0.63	0.03	.31
	Living alone^e	2.5^b	1.1^b	.06^b	.02^b	0.62	1	0.02	.55	–.52	0.66	–.02	.43
	Belonging to friends	0.13	0.15	0.02	.41	.51^b	0.18^b	.09^b	.01^b	–.12	0.14	–.03	.37
	Belonging to an online community	1.4^b	0.14^b	.27^b	<.001^b	1.2^b	0.16^b	.24^b	<.001^b	.98^b	0.13^b	.23^b	<.001^b
	Psychological distress	.54^b	0.06^b	.27^b	<.001^b	.48^b	0.08^b	.22^b	<.001^b	.29^b	0.06^b	.16^b	<.001^b
	R²	0.3	—	—	—	0.19	—	—	—	0.16	—	—	—

^aUnstandardized regression coefficient.

^bStatistically significant results (P<.05).

^cValue not applicable.

^dGender reference category male.

^eLiving alone measured with a dummy variable (0=No, 1=Yes).