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. 2019 Dec 5;8(4):22. doi: 10.3390/ht8040022
Laser-induced shock wave indentation measurement method (LiSE) pile-up height in µm
d i indentation diameter in µm
t i indentation depth in µm
Particle-oriented peening (PoP)
∆l linear plastic deformation [μm]
∆vp velocity reduction
a distance between nozzle and contact plate [mm]
ps jet pressure [bar]
r particle radius [µm]
rf radius of the flattened surface [μm]
v1, v2, vp Particle velocity (1: approach; 2: rebound)
σ standard deviation [%]
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
IB Integral breadth [2θ°]
FWHM full width at half maximum [2θ°]
CrystSize Crystallite size [nm]
PN Number of peaks in one diffractogram
Micro magnetic (MM)
Re1, Re2, Re3, Re4 real part of eddy current signal obtained for the corresponding frequency [V]
Im1, Im2, Im3, Im4 imaginary part of eddy current signal obtained for the corresponding frequency [V]
Mag1, Mag2, Mag3, Mag4 magnitude of eddy current signal obtained for the corresponding frequency [V]
Ph1, Ph2, Ph3, Ph4 phase angle of eddy current signal obtained for the corresponding frequency [rad]
Micro compression test (MDP)
x max maximum displacement [µm]
x 0 displacement before holding time [µm]
x plast plastic deformation after unloading [µm]
W t mechanical work [µJ]
S2.1, S2.2 slopes of the unloading phase in the force-displacement curve [N/mm]
S1.1, S1.2 slopes of the loading phase in the force-displacement curve [N/mm]
Universal microhardness measurements (UMH)
h max indentation depth at maximum testing force [μm]
HM Martens hardness [MPa]
H IT indentation hardness at maximum loading [MPa]
E IT elastic indentation modulus [GPa]
Micro-extrusion strain measurement (MESM)
d s sample diameter in µm
d d die diameter in µm
E st step energy in J
ΣE cumulated forming energy in J
e extrusion depth in µm
ϕ sd deformation degree in -
E/(e ϕsd) normalized hardening coefficient in J/µm
Micro sample machining (MSM)
f a axial feed
F c cutting force
F p thrust force
F z resultant force
η effective cutting angle
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
∆i Enthalpy [J/g]
T onset Onset temperature [°C]
T endset Endset temperature [°C]
Dilatometry (MaPD)
Ac1b Temperature at which transformation to Austenite begins [°C]
Ac1e Temperature at which transformation to Austenite ends [°C]
Electrochemical characterization (EchC)
i corr Corrosion current density
i pas Passive current density
i peak Peak current density