Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for the whole sample and the CWP group at baseline in 1995
| All n = 975 |
Men n = 442 |
Women n = 533 |
p-value gender difference | All CWP n = 123 |
Men n = 33 |
Women n = 90 |
p-value gender difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (1995) | 0.981 | 0.602 | ||||||
| Mean (sd) | 44 (6) | 45 (6) | 48 (6) | 47 (5) | 48 (5) | 46 (6) | ||
| Educationa, n (%) | 0.010 | 0.894 | ||||||
| No more than 2 years | 548 (56.4) | 246 (55.9) | 302 (56.9) | 87 (71.3) | 23 (69.7) | 64 (71.9) | ||
| > 2 years | 121 (12.5) | 71 (16.1) | 50 (9.4) | 10 (8.2) | 3 (9.1) | 7 (7.9) | ||
| University | 222 (22.9) | 91 (20.7) | 131 (24.7) | 15 (12.3) | 5 (15.2) | 10 (11.2) | ||
| Other | 80 (8.2) | 31 (7.3) | 48 (9.0) | 10 (8.2) | 2 (6.1) | 8 (9.0) | ||
| Personal support, n (%) | 0.773 | 0.287 | ||||||
| Yes | 806 (82.9) | 364 (82.5) | 442 (83.2) | 94 (76.4) | 23 (69.7) | 71 (78.9) | ||
| No | 166 (17.1) | 77 (17.5) | 89 (16.8) | 29 (23.6) | 10 (30.3) | 19 (21.1) | ||
| Circle of friends, n (%) | 0.380 | 0.026 | ||||||
| Yes | 615 (63.5) | 273 (62) | 342 (64.8) | 64 (52.9) | 12 (36.4) | 52 (59.1) | ||
| No | 353 (36.5) | 167 (38) | 186 (35.2) | 57 (47.1) | 21 (63.6) | 36 (40.9) | ||
| Pain group, n (%) | 0.000 | |||||||
| NCP | 593 (62.2) | 289 (67.1) | 304 (58.1) | |||||
| CRP | 238 (24.9) | 109 (25.3) | 129 (24.7) | |||||
| CWP | 123 (12.9) | 33 (7.7) | 90 (17.2) | |||||
| Smoking habits, n (%) | 0.325 | 0.918 | ||||||
| No, never smoked | 452 (46.5) | 194 (44) | 258 (48.6) | 55 (44.7) | 15 (45.5) | 40 (44.4) | ||
| No, have stopped | 281 (28.9) | 136 (30.8) | 145 (27.3) | 33 (26.8) | 8 (24.2) | 25 (27.8) | ||
| Yes, smoker | 239 (24.6) | 111 (25.2) | 128 (24.1) | 35 (28.5) | 10 (30.3) | 25 (27.8) | ||
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | 0.000 | 0.125 | ||||||
| Never/almost never | 313 (32.2) | 96 (21.9) | 217 (40.8) | 70 (56.9) | 17 (51.5) | 53 (58.9) | ||
| Every month | 407 (41.9) | 198 (45.1) | 209 (39.3) | 36 (29.3) | 8 (24.2) | 28 (31.1) | ||
| Every week | 246 (25.3) | 143 (32.6) | 103 (19.4) | 17 (13.8) | 8 (24.2) | 9 (10.0) | ||
| > 4 times a week | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Physical activityb, n (%) | 0.002 | 0.582 | ||||||
| Never | 463 (28) | 237 (54.2) | 226 (42.9) | 54 (43.9) | 17 (51.5) | 37 (41.1) | ||
| Moderate | 337 (35) | 134 (30.7) | 203 (38.5) | 42 (34.1) | 10 (30.3) | 32 (35.6) | ||
| Active | 164 (17) | 66 (15.1) | 98 (18.6) | 27 (22) | 6 (18.2) | 21 (23.3) | ||
| Sleeping problemsc, n (%) | 0.053 | 0.731 | ||||||
| No | 495 (52.9) | 240 (56.3) | 255 (50) | 20 (16.8) | 6 (18.8) | 14 (16.1) | ||
| Yes | 441 (47.1) | 186 (43.7) | 255 (50) | 99 (83.2) | 26 (81.3) | 73 (83.9) | ||
a Highest finished education: No more than 2 years = after elementary school; > 2 years = more than 2 years after elementary school; University = education at university level; Other = all others
b Never = < 30 min/day; Moderate = 1–2 times/week or 30–90 min/week; Active = > 2 times/week or > 120 min/week
c No = no or minor sleeping problems; Yes = moderate to severe sleeping problems