Table 2.
Comparison of aerosols of liposomal dispersion (CFI) and spray-dried dry powder formulation (CIP) of ciprofloxacin [17, 27, 33, 38]
| Metric | Ciprofloxacin for inhalation (CFI) (liposomes only) | Ciprofloxacin inhalation powder (CIP) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment regimen | Once daily | Twice daily |
| Delivery device | Jet nebulizer (e.g., PARI LC® Sprint, with TurboBoy S compressor) | T-326 dry powder inhaler |
| Particle size (liposomes or drug crystals) | Small unilamellar vesicles (mean diameter = 80–100 nm) | Not disclosed |
| Particle size (nebulized droplets or dry powder) | VMD = 3.6 μm; GSD = 2.3 | x50 ~ 2.5 µm |
| Nominal dose (ND) | 150 mg (135 mg as base) | 32.5 mg (65 mg/day as base) |
| Emitted dose (ED) | 52.4% | ~ 94% |
| Fine particle dose < 5 μm | 64% of ED | 53% of ED |
| Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) | ~ 3.6 μm | 3.4–3.9 µm |
| Total lung dose (%ND) | ~ 16.7%: 25 mg (22.5 mg as base) | 51-53% (ca., 33.8 mg/day) |
| Administration time | ~ 8 min/day for 3 ml | < 4 min/day |
| Q index | Not determined | − 12.2% |
| Portable inhaler? | No | Yes |
| Power source required? | Yes | No |
| Cleaning required? | Yes | No |
ED emitted dose, GSD geometric standard deviation, MMAD mass median aerodynamic diameter, ND nominal dose, Q index [49]: Measure of flow rate dependence, VMD volume-weighted mean diameter, x50 volume-weighted median diameter