Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the entire cohort and divided by long and short hospital stay groups.
| Baseline characteristics | Entire cohort, N = 85 | Long hospital stay group (L), N = 43 | Short hospital stay group (S), N = 42 | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recipient information | ||||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 55.5 ± 10.1 | 56.7 ± 9.4 | 54.4 ± 10.7 | .292 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 53 (62.4) | 28 (65.1) | 25 (59.5) | .595 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 27.0 ± 6.4 | 28.2 ± 7.2 | 28.6 ± 5.6 | .827 |
| Race, n (%) | .866 | |||
| African American | 22 (25.9) | 11 (25.6) | 11 (26.2) | |
| Caucasian | 51 (60.0) | 26 (60.5) | 25 (59.5) | |
| Other | 12 (14.1) | 6 (14.0) | 6 (14.3) | |
| Marital status, Married, n (%) | 52 (61.2) | 27 (62.8) | 25 (59.5) | .783 |
| Insurance, n (%) | .680 | |||
| Private | 31 (36.5) | 16 (37.2) | 15 (35.7) | |
| Medicaid | 6 (7.1) | 4 (9.3) | 2 (4.8) | |
| Medicare | 48 (56.5) | 23 (53.5) | 25 (59.5) | |
| Presence of preexisting CKD, n (%) | 74 (87.1) | 32 (74.4) | 42 (100) | <.001 |
| Cause of CKD, n (%) | .647 | |||
| Hypertension | 8/74 (10.8) | 4/32 (12.5) | 4/42 (9.5) | |
| Diabetes | 14/74 (18.9) | 6/32 (18.8) | 8/42 (19.0) | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 4/74 (5.4) | 2/32 (6.3) | 2/42 (4.8) | |
| Cystic disease | 3/74 (4.1) | 0 | 3/42 (7.1) | |
| Metabolic/inherited disease | 2/74 (2.7) | 0 | 2/42 (4.8) | |
| Other/unknown | 43/74 (58.1) | 20/32 (62.5) | 23/42 (54.8) | |
| Dialysis status before SLKT, n (%) | .003 | |||
| Maintenance dialysis, n (%) | 38 (44.7) | 19 (44.2) | 19 (45.2) | |
| Sub-acute dialysis, n (%) | 9 (10.6) | 6 (14.0) | 3 (7.1) | |
| Acute dialysis initiation before SLKT, n (%) | 16 (18.8) | 13 (30.2) | 3 (7.1) | |
| Length of dialysis before SLKT (maintenance and sub-acute dialysis group), months, median (IQR) | 8.9 (3.9, 36.8) | 7.1 (3.3, 20.4) | 13.0 (7.4, 44.6) | .077 |
| Length of acute dialysis before SLKT (acute dialysis group only), days, median (IQR) | 13.5 (6.5, 24.5) | 12.0 (8.0, 24.0) | 19.0 (5.0, 27.0) | .638 |
| Cause of ESKD (maintenance and sub-acute group), n (%) | .278 | |||
| Acute on CKD, | 12/47 (25.5) | 8/25 (32.0) | 4/22 (18.2) | |
| Same as CKD | 35/47 (74.5) | 17/25 (68.0) | 18/22 (81.8) | |
| Cause of ESLD, n (%) | .127 | |||
| HCV | 24 (28.2) | 7 (16.3) | 17 (40.5) | |
| Alcoholic hepatitis | 22 (25.9) | 14 (32.6) | 8 (19.0) | |
| HCV and Alcoholic hepatitis | 3 (3.5) | 1 (2.3) | 2 (4.8) | |
| NASH | 16 (18.8) | 9 (20.9) | 7 (16.7) | |
| Other | 20 (23.5) | 12 (27.9) | 8 (19.0) | |
| Comorbidity – diabetes, n (%) | 35 (41.2) | 18 (41.9) | 17 (40.5) | .897 |
| Comorbidity – hypertension, n (%) | 61 (71.8) | 29 (67.4) | 32 (76.2) | .370 |
| HLA mismatches locus A, n, mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | .859 |
| HLA mismatches locus B, n, mean ± SD | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | .820 |
| HLA mismatches locus DR, n, mean ± SD | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | .535 |
| Total HLA mismatches, n, mean ± SD | 4.8 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 0.9 | .750 |
| cPRA, %, median (IQR) | 0 (0, 8) | 0 (0, 3.0) | 0 (0, 13.0) | .866 |
| Cold ischemic time of donated kidney, minutes, mean ± SD | 496.5 ± 114.6 | 514.3 ± 114.1 | 478.6 ± 113.6 | .155 |
| MELD score, mean ± SD | 28.3 ± 6.5 | 31.7 ± 6.3 | 24.9 ± 4.6 | <.001 |
| Donor information | ||||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 28.9 ± 11.1 | 29.2 ± 10.9 | 28.6 ± 11.4 | .793 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 47 (55.3) | 27 (62.8) | 20 (47.6) | .160 |
| Donor Race, n (%) | .163 | |||
| Caucasian | 65 (76.5) | 36 (83.7) | 29 (69.0) | |
| African American | 18 (21.2) | 7 (16.3) | 11 (26.2) | |
| Hispanic | 2 (2.4) | 0 | 2 (4.8 | |
| Donation after brain death, n (%) | 85 (100) | 43 (100) | 42 (100) | – |
| Cause of death, n (%) | .785 | |||
| Anoxia | 27 (31.8) | 14 (32.6) | 13 (31.0) | |
| Cerebrovascular/stroke | 18 (21.2) | 8 (18.6) | 10 (23.8) | |
| Head trauma | 33 (38.8) | 18 (41.9) | 15 (35.7) | |
| Central nerve system tumor | 1 (1.2) | 0 | 1 (2.4) | |
| Other | 5 (5.9) | 2 (4.7) | 3 (7.1) | |
| Comorbidity-diabetes, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | .320 |
| Comorbidity-hypertension, n (%) | 11 (12.9) | 7 (16.3) | 4 (9.5) | .354 |
| Expanded criteria donor, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | .320 |
BMI: Body mass index; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; cPRA: calculated panel reactive antibody; ESKD: End-stage kidney disease; ESLD: End-stage liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C; HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen; IQR: Interquartile range; MELD: Model of end-stage liver disease; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; SLKT: Simultaneous liver–kidney transplantation.
*
Compared between Long hospital stay group (L) group and short hospital stay group (L) groups. p values for continuous variables with mean ± SD are result of t-test and with median (IQR) are result of Mann–Whitney test, and categorical variables are chi-square test.