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. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):1703249. doi: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1703249

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Characterization of brain-derived EVs: (a) Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from the brain of WT rats (n = 2) by enzymatic digestion and followed by series of centrifugation. For the purification, EVs were top-loaded on a 5–40% iodixanol and ultracentrifuge at 100,000 g for 18 h. Twelve 1 mL fractions (F1–F12) were collected. (b) Size distribution of EVs for the size range 4–500 nm of F1-F12 fraction from 2 WT- rats are shown. Inset image showing EVs morphology captured from the video in zeta view. (c) The graph shows the actual concentration of each fraction (F1-F12) assessed by zeta view after adjusting for dilutions. (d) Topographic profiling of F1-F7 EVs using atomic force microscopy (AFM) under tapping mode revealed a heterogeneous population of spherical particles. (e) Western blot images show protein expression from each fraction (F1-F12) for the presence of EV-associated proteins ALIX, TSG101 and CD9 exosome marker and non-exosome marker calnexin.