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. 2019 Dec 18;9(1):1703480. doi: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1703480

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 6. — Whitening effect of LEVs on human skin tissue.

Reconstituted human epidermis model composed of human melanocytes and keratinocytes. (a) Representative images of cultured human skin tissue (top) and melanin pellets (bottom). (b) Images of human tissue sections stained with Fontana-Masson (FM). Scare bars: 50 μm. (c) Differences in lightness values, determined using a Chroma Metre. (d) Melanin content of human skin tissue. (e) Representative microscopic images of human skin tissue (left) and darkness of skin tissue, analysed by Image J software (right). Human skin tissue were applied. *, ** and *** indicate difference for p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 in comparison to the human skin tissue treated with cell culture media as negative control. The human skin tissue treated with arbutin was used as a positive control (n = 3).