Table 3.
Changes in nutrient intake baseline to 6 months in children with ASD based on DP.
| Above Median | Below Median | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6-weeks p.-b. | 6 months p.-b. | Baseline | 6-weeks p.-b. | 6 months p.-b. | |
| (A) Dietary pattern 1 | ||||||
| Food Group (servings/day)a | ||||||
| Fruit | 3.0 (2.7–3.6) | 2.5 (1.6–2.7) | 1.9 (1.4–2.7)* | 1.0 (0.5–2.3) | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 1.8 (0.8–2.6) |
| Vegetables | 1.7 (0.9–2.4) | 0.7 (0.6–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3)† | 0.3 (0.08–0.7) | 0.6 (0.4–1.3) | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) |
| Legumes, nuts and seeds |
0.4 (0–0.8) | 0.08 (0–0.14) | 0.1 (0–0.3) | 0.1 (0.1–0.16) | 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0.22 (0.1–0.9)* |
| Refined carbohydrates |
1.1 (0.9–1.7) | 1.02 (0.9–1.2) | 1.3 (0.8–1.4) | 0.9 (0.5–1.1) | 1.4 (1.2–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.9)* |
| Nutrientb | ||||||
| Total carbohydrate (g) | 194 (143–220) | 173 (162–194) | 133 (102–182)† | 173 (151–209) | 141 (112–254) | 182 (117–209) |
| Added sugars (g) | 31 (24–42) | 36 (19–42) | 21 (12–26)† | 36 (19–42) | 35 (22–55) | 20 (17–55) |
| (B) Dietary pattern 2 | ||||||
| Refined Carbohydrates |
0.9 (0.8–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.5 (0.9–1.8)† |
| Nutrientb | ||||||
| Vitamin A (μg) | 412 (282–565) | 395 (198–488) | 252 (96–445)† | 441 (278–651) | 315 (234–475) | 275 (218–321) |
| Sodium (mg) | 1985 (1687–2228) | 1891 (1635–2245) | 1445 (1199–2133)† | 1891 (1635–−2245) | 1660 (1461–2180) | 1825 (1470–2019) |
| Vitamin E (μg) | 5.8 (4.2–7.9) | 5.7 (3.9–6.8) | 5.4 (3.5–6.5) | 6.5 (4.5–9.5) | 5.6 (4.2–7.4) | 4.2 (3.5–5.7)† |
Data expressed as median (IQR); FDR-corrected
*
p ≤ 0.05;
†
p ≤ 0.1; p.b., post-baseline.
a
Food groups derived from food frequency questionnaire.
b
Nutrient intake derived from 3-day food diary.