| Cutaneous system |
15% (9-37%) |
Papules, nodules, plaques, scar sarcoidosis, lupus pernio, subcutaneous sarcoidosis |
Biopsy |
| Peripheral lynphnodes |
10-20% |
Mostly cervical or supraclavicular, inguinal, axillar, epitrochlear or submandibular lymph node sites; painless and mobile |
Biopsy |
| Ocular system |
10-30% |
Anterior, intermediate, or posterior uveitis, retinal vascular change, conjuntival nodules, lacrimal gland enlargement |
Systematics ophtalmologist exam, slit-lamp exam, fluorescein angiography |
| Hepatic (Gastrointestinal system) |
20-30% |
Often symptom-free. Abnormal liver function test, hepatomegaly, rarely cholestasis, portal hypertension, hepatic insufficiency |
Systematics liver function tests, CT, biopsy |
| Splenic (Gastrointestinal system) |
10% |
Splenomegaly; rarely pain, pancytopenia; very rarely, splenic rupture |
Echography, CT |
| Cardiovascular system |
2-5% |
Atrioventricular or bundle branch block, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, congestive heart failure, pericarditis, irmpaiment of sympathetic nerve activity |
Eletrocardiography, Echocardiography, BNP, MRI, scintigraphy, FDG PET |
| Nervous System |
5% |
Facial nerve palsy, optic neuritis, leptomeningitis, diabetis insipidus, hypopituitarism, seizures, cognitive dysfunction, deficts, hydrocefalus, psychiatric manifestations, spinal cord disease |
Cerebrospinal fluid investigation, MRI, hormonal dose, eletromyography, biopsya rarely done |
| Renal system |
5-20% |
Increased creatininemia, hypercalcemia, nephrocalcinosis, kidney stones |
Systematic renal tests, biopsy |
