Fig. 8.

Instability of the invasive front when $c_{\mathrm{M},\mathrm{A}}=c_{\mathrm{A},\mathrm{M}}$. a Simulation for $c_{\mathrm{M},\mathrm{A}}=c_{\mathrm{A},\mathrm{M}}=1.7$. b Perturbation of the initial conditions in a. The initial distribution of $T_{\mathrm{M}}$ was shifted by $\delta x=0.15$ to the right, resulting in subsequent spatial separation of the two phenotypes and arresting of invasion. c Small perturbation in $c_{\mathrm{M},\mathrm{A}}$ ($(c_{\mathrm{M},\mathrm{A}},c_{\mathrm{A},\mathrm{M}})=(1.700001,1.7)$). d Small perturbation in $c_{\mathrm{A},\mathrm{M}}$ ($(c_{\mathrm{M},\mathrm{A}},c_{\mathrm{A},\mathrm{M}})=(1.7,1.700001)$). This indicates that the system is structurally unstable in this parameter regime (Colour figure online)