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. 2020 Jan 17;10:614. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57234-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Inhibition of autophagy enhanced the blood perfusion into the brain b (A) Example of images (each representative of 6 zebrafishes) depicting autophagosome (green) of endothelial cells and autolysosome (red) of endothelial cells in 0, 10 Gy group, 10 Gy + chloroque group, 10 Gy + wortamanin group and 10 Gy + Ly294002 group at 4-day post radiation. Scale bars, 100 µm. (B) Live example of images (each representative of 6 zebrafishes) depicting endothelial cells (green) of cerebral capillaries (top) and the tracer Dextran blue (MW 10 kDa) pericardial injected (bottom) in 0, 10 Gy group, 10 Gy + chloroque group, 10 Gy + wortamanin group and 10 Gy + Ly294002 group at 4-day post radiation. Scale bars, 100 µm. (C) Morphometric analyses of autophagical puncta in 0, 10 Gy group, 10 Gy + chloroque group, 10 Gy + wortamanin group and 10 Gy + Ly294002 group at 4-day post radiation (n = 6 zebrafishes per group). (D) Morphometric analyses of blood-perfused vessel branches in 0, 10 Gy group, 10 Gy + chloroque group, 10 Gy + wortamanin group and 10 Gy + Ly294002 group at 2-day and 4-day post radiation (n = 6 zebrafishes per group). (E) The survival analysis of zebrafishes in 0, 10 Gy group, 10 Gy + Cloroquine (n = 10, p = 0.0126), 10 Gy + ly294002 (n = 10, p < 0.01) and 10 Gy + Wortamanin (n = 10, p < 0.01). Statistical analysis in C and D was performed using t-test: **P < 0.05, ***P < 0.01. Data represent the mean ± s.e.m.