Table 6.
International recommendations for calcium and phosphate in healthy children
| Calcium | Phosphate | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EFSA (2015) | D-A-C-H (2015) | NCM (2014) | IOM (2011) | EFSA (2015) | D-A-C-H (2015) | NCM (2014) | IOM (1997) | |
| Age (months) | – | 0 - < 4 | 0 < 6 | 0 < 6 | – | 0 - < 4 | 0 < 6 | 0 < 6 |
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 220 |
– BF only |
200 (AI) | 120 | – | 100 (AI) | ||
| Age (months) | 7–11 | 4 - < 12 | 6-11 | 6–12 | 7–11 | 4 - < 12 | 6–11 | 7–12 |
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 280 (AI) | 330 | 540 | 260 (AI) | AI 160 | 300 | 420 | 275 (RDA) |
| Age (years) | 1–3 | 1 - < 4 | 1-5 | 1-3 | 1-3 | 1 < 4 | 1–5 | 1–3 |
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 450 | 600 | 600 | 700 (RDA) | 250 | 500 | 470 | 460 (RDA) |
| Age (years) | 4–10 | 4 - < 7 | 6-9 | 4-8 | 4–10 | 4 - < 7 | 6–9 | 4-8 |
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 800 | 750 | 700 | 1000 (RDA) | 440 | 600 | 540 | 500 (RDA) |
| Age (years) | 11–17 | 7 - < 10 | 10–17 | 9–18 | 11–17 | 7 - < 10 | 10–17 | 9–18 |
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 1150 | 900 | 900 | 1300 (RDA) | 640 | 800 | 700 | 1250 (RDA) |
| Age (years) | 18-24 | 10 - < 13 | 18 - 24 | 10 - < 19 | ||||
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 1000 | 1100 | 550 | 1250 | ||||
| Age (years) | 13 - < 19 | |||||||
| PRI or RDA (mg/day) | 1200 | |||||||
EFSA, European Food Safety Authority; D-A-C-H, Deutschland-Austria-Confoederatio Helvetica; NCM, Nordic Council of Medicine; IOM, Institute of Medicine; PRI, Population Reference Intake; RDA, Recommended Dietary Allowance BF, breast fed. PRI and RDA are terms used to reflect the amount of a nutrient that is likely to meet the needs of almost all (97.5%) healthy people in a population or the average amount plus two standard deviations (assuming individual requirements are normally distributed with a population). If the average intake of an otherwise healthy individual (or population) is at or above the PRI or RDA, then the risk of deficiency is judged to be very low. However, if the average regular intake is below this then it is likely that some will have an intake that may be insufficient. AI (used by EFSA and IOM) is a dietary recommendation used when there is not enough data to calculate an average requirement. An AI is the average nutrient level consumed daily by a typical healthy population, which is assumed to be adequate for the population's needs