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. 2020 Jan 17;10:575. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57046-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) T-2-weighted mid-sagittal MRI showing the 3-step measurement of the retrourethral lobe (RU). The anterior enlarged transition zone (TZ) displaces the urethra posteriorly (freehand dotted line). Type 3 BPH with a high intra-vesicle retrourethral lobe (RU) is protruding into the bladder (IPP). The long axis of the retrourethral lobe (dashed line) extends from cranial boundary of the RU to the verumontanum. The final step in the antero-posterior measurement of the RU is a line perpendicular to the long axis from the posterior RU boundary to the urethra (large dotted line). In this case, we suggest using a mid-gland AP measurement, because it was greater than the one above the VPL. (B) Mid-sagittal T2-weighted MRI. Type 3 benign prostatic hyperplasia where maximal antero-posterior (AP) diameter is above the vesico-prostatic line (VPL). Dashed line shows the long axis of the retro-urethral lobe. The arrows mark the course of the urethra. In this case, the AP measurement must be above the VPL (solid line). Ejaculatory duct entering the upper verumontanum (ED) is indicated by far right long black arrow.