Fig. 3.

Neural variability in left primary auditory cortex is present in a subset of children with dyslexia.A. As a group, the TT region in DYS brains responded to auditory speech sound stimuli with higher variability than TD children. Error bars are standard error of the mean. The effect was significant across groups (* p <0.05). Within the group of children with dyslexia, 50% (10/20) had variability levels that would be considered outliers compared to the TD children (high group), with the remainder of the children in the dyslexia group not differing from the TD group (low group). Dashed horizontal line indicates mean + 3 SD of typical children and the threshold for high variability. Individual symbols to the right of the bar plots represent individual children in each group. B. High variability was not specific to speech sounds. Across groups, there was a significant, positive relation between variability to speech sounds and variability to tones (r = 0.95, p <0.00001).