Table 2.
Factors associated with undergoing chest radiography in presumptive pulmonary TB persons enrolled for sputum smear examination in seven selected designated microscopy centers in Chikkaballapur District during February-March 2019.
| Characteristics | N | n | (%) | RR | (95% CI) | Adj RR | (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 732 | 301 | (41.1) | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Designated microscopy center | ||||||||
| District hospital | 243 | 53 | (21.8) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Taluka hospital 1 | 249 | 222 | (89.2) | 4.08 | (3.20-5.20) | 2.29 | (1.01-5.22) | 0.047 |
| Taluka hospital 2 | 125 | 9 | (7.2) | 0.33 | (0.16-0.64) | 0.33 | (0.10-1.04) | 0.059 |
| Primary health center 1 | 32 | 3 | (9.4) | 0.42 | (0.14-1.29) | 0.39 | (0.12-1.28) | 0.122 |
| Primary health center 2 | 33 | 0 | (0.0) | NE | ||||
| Primary health center 3 | 17 | 0 | (0.0) | NE | ||||
| Primary health center 4 | 33 | 14 | (42.4) | 1.94 | (1.22-3.09) | 1.13 | (0.46-2.81) | 0.776 |
|
| ||||||||
| Age (in years) | ||||||||
| <25 | 82 | 39 | (47.6) | 0.84 | (0.64-1.10) | 0.94 | (0.64-1.39) | 0.775 |
| 25 to 34 | 138 | 78 | (56.5) | Reference | Reference | |||
| 35 to 44 | 106 | 35 | (33.0) | 0.58 | (0.42-0.79) | 0.81 | (0.53-1.19) | 0.281 |
| 45 to 54 | 108 | 42 | (38.9) | 0.68 | (0.52-0.90) | 1.08 | (0.74-1.59) | 0.664 |
| 55 to 64 | 129 | 47 | (36.4) | 0.64 | (0.49-0.84) | 0.89 | (0.61-1.29) | 0.558 |
| > 64 | 146 | 54 | (37.0) | 0.65 | (0.50-0.84) | 0.94 | (0.66-1.34) | 0.761 |
| Not recorded | 23 | 6 | (26.1) | 0.46 | (0.22-0.93) | 0.95 | (0.40-2.25) | 0.919 |
|
| ||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 455 | 195 | (42.9) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Female | 276 | 105 | (38.0) | 0.88 | (0.73-1.06) | 0.92 | (0.72-1.18) | 0.559 |
| Transgender | 1 | 1 | (100.0) | NA | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Place of residence | ||||||||
| Urban | 535 | 257 | (48.0) | 2.15 | (1.63-2.83) | NE | ||
| Rural | 197 | 44 | (22.3) | Reference | Reference | |||
|
| ||||||||
| Predominant symptom | ||||||||
| Cough | 272 | 55 | (20.2) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Cough+fever | 259 | 225 | (86.9) | 4.29 | (3.37-5.46) | 1.91 | (0.85-4.30) | 0.116 |
| Hemoptysis | 1 | 1 | (100.0) | 4.94 | (3.90-6.26) | 4.97 | (0.67-36.7) | 0.115 |
| Not recorded | 200 | 20 | (10.0) | 0.49 | (0.30-0.79) | 0.99 | (0.39-2.51) | 0.985 |
|
| ||||||||
| Sputum examination results | ||||||||
| Negative | 675 | 272 | (40.3) | Reference | Reference | |||
| Positive | 57 | 29 | (50.9) | 1.26 | (0.96-1.65) | 1.34 | (0.91-2.00) | 0.135 |
NA = not applicable (as outcome predicts exposure perfectly); NE = not estimated due to collinearity with designated microscopy center; RR = relative risk; Adj RR = adjusted relative risk; Reference = strata of data considered as reference population for calculation.