Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and exercise performances of noncurrent smokers and current smokers.
| Characteristics | Overall | Noncurrent smokers | Current smokers | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 3,669 | N = 2,293 | N = 1,376 | ||
| Age (years) | 29.35 ± 5.88 | 29.36 ± 5.88 | 29.33 ± 5.88 | 0.88 |
| Service specialty (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Air forces | 1,027 (27.99) | 633 (27.61) | 394 (28.63) | |
| Army | 1,854 (50.53) | 1.216 (53.03) | 638 (46.37) | |
| Navy | 788 (21.48) | 444 (19.36) | 344 (25.00) | |
| Heart rate (times/min) | 72.15 ± 10.81 | 71.31 ± 10.63 | 73.55 ± 10.95 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.87 ± 3.10 | 24.89 ± 3.03 | 24.83 ± 3.21 | 0.56 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.39 ± 7.95 | 83.36 ± 7.80 | 83.45 ± 8.20 | 0.74 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 118.38 ± 13.10 | 118.65 ± 13.07 | 117.94 ± 13.14 | 0.11 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 70.58 ± 10.12 | 71.02 ± 10.07 | 69.84 ± 10.16 | 0.0006 |
| Hypertension (%) | 322 (8.78) | 200 (8.72) | 122 (8.87) | 0.88 |
| Current alcohol intake (%) | 1,616 (44.04) | 710 (30.96) | 906 (65.84) | <0.0001 |
| Frequency of exercise (%) | 0.23 | |||
| Never or occasionally | 769 (20.96) | 473 (20.63) | 296 (21.51) | |
| 1-2 (times/week) | 1,378 (37.56) | 844 (36.81) | 534 (38.81) | |
| ≥3 (times/week) | 1,522 (41.48) | 976 (42.56) | 546 (39.68) |
†Data were presented as the mean ± SD for continuous data and percentage (%) for categorical data, which were compared by the t-test and chi-square test, respectively. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure. Body mass index was defined as weight (kg)/height squared (m2).