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. 2020 Jan 14;10:1534. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01534

Table 3.

Summary of gene therapy in scaffold based osteochondral tissue repair.

Cells Gene Scaffold Gene vector Approach Vitro or vivo model Reference
BMSCs IGF1 Calcium alginate gel Plasmid Ex vivo Rabbit knee osteochondral defect (Leng et al., 2012)
TGF-β PLA Plasmid Ex vivo Rabbit knee full-thickness defects (Guo et al., 2006)
TGF-β1 PLGA/fibrin gel hybrids Plasmid Ex vivo Rabbit knee full-thickness defects (Li et al., 2014)
TGF-β1 PGA Adenovirus In vitro, ex vivo Mice subcutaneous tissue (Xia et al., 2009)
BMP-2, TGF-β3 DBM Adenovirus In vitro, ex vivo Pig knee full-thickness defects (Wang et al., 2014)
SOX9 PGA Adenovirus In vitro, ex vivo Rabbit knee full-thickness defects (Cao et al., 2011)
SOX9 Fibrin-polyurethane rAAV In vitro Hydrodynamic culture conditions (Venkatesan et al., 2018)
IL-1Ra, BMP-2, TGF-β3 CDM Lentiviral In vitro Joint organoid model (Rowland et al., 2018)
CNP Chitosan/silk fibroin Adenovirus Ex vivo Rat knee full-thickness defects (Yang et al., 2019)
miR-221 Alginate Lipofectamine In vitro, ex vivo Mice knee osteochondral defects (Lolli et al., 2016)
ADSCs TGF-β3/BMP-6 PLGA-GCH Baculovirus Ex vivo Rat knee full-thickness defects (Lu et al., 2014)
SOX trio Fibrin gel Retrovirus In vitro, ex vivo Rat knee osteochondral defect, OA (Lee and Im, 2012)
eGFP, IL-1Ra PCL Lentiviral In vitro Cultured in chondrogenic conditions (Moutos et al., 2016)
Chondrocytes IGF-1 Fibrinogen Adenovirus Ex vivo Equine knee osteochondral defect (Goodrich et al., 2007)
IGF-1 Fibrin rAAV5 Ex vivo Equine knee full-thickness defects (Griffin et al., 2016)
IGF-I, FGF-2 Alginate Plasmid Ex vivo Rabbit knee osteochondral defect (Orth et al., 2011)
FGF-2 Alginate Plasmid In vitro, ex vivo Rabbit knee osteochondral defect (Kaul et al., 2006)
Integrin β1 PLGA Lentiviral In vitro Cultured under periodic mechanical stress (Liang et al., 2015)

IGF, Insulin-like growth factor; TGF, Transforming growth factor; BMP, Bone morphogenetic protein; PLGA, Poly lactide-co-glycolide; DBM, Demineralized bone matrix; PGA, polyglycolic; GCH, gelatin, chondroitin-6-sulfate and hyaluronic acid; IL-1Ra, IL-1 receptor antagonist; eGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein.