Table 2.

Influence of Listeria monocytogenes attachment time and sanitizer contact time on the antimicrobial efficacy of neutral electrolyzed water and JC9450 against Listeria monocytogenes on fresh apples.

Treatment	24 h post-inoculation		48 h post-inoculation
	30-sec exposure	2-min exposure	30-sec exposure	2-min exposure
Water	0.11 ± 0.01aA	0.12 ± 0.02aA	0.09 ± 0.03aA	0.09 ± 0.02aA
Chlorine	0.90 ± 0.04bA	1.15 ± 0.01bB	0.88 ± 0.07bA	1.05 ± 0.10bA
NEW	0.75 ± 0.09bA	0.93 ± 0.09bA	0.70 ± 0.10bA	0.88 ± 0.08bA
0.125% JC9450	0.91 ± 0.04bA	1.04 ± 0.08bA	0.82 ± 0.04bA	0.88 ± 0.10bA
0.25% JC9450	1.58 ± 0.05cA	2.06 ± 0.12cB	1.56 ± 0.03cA	1.84 ± 0.10cA
0.50% JC9450	3.27 ± 0.12dA	3.84 ± 0.10dB	3.09 ± 0.14dA	3.61 ± 0.05dB

Results were expressed in count reduction, log₁₀ CFU/apple. At both 24 and 48 h post-inoculation, the count of L. monocytogenes was ~6.5 log₁₀ CFU/apple. JC9450, mineral oxychloride; NEW, neutral electrolyzed water, 110 ppm free available chlorine. Chlorine at ~110 ppm free available chlorine was used as a positive control.

Superscript letters ^(a–d) mean within a column without common letter differ significantly (p < 0.05).

Superscript letters ^(A,B) mean across rows within each post-inoculation time without common letters differ significantly (p < 0.05). Mean ± SEM, n = 36. Each treatment was repeated independently three times with 12 apples per treatment per independent study.