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T4 phages expressing antigens from plague and anthrax protect rats from challenge. (a) PA from B. anthracis and F1 and V from Y. pestis were fused to the Soc protein on the T4 phage head. (b) When immunized rats were challenged with Y. pestis, 100% survived. LF and PA challenge of these same rats also resulted in 100% protection. (c) In a simultaneous challenge model, 100% of immunized rats survived. Adapted with permission67
