Table 4.

Summary of anti-cancer functions of “Snow lotus” and/or its major biochemicals.

Models	Parameters measured	Active components	Reference
In vivo/ in vitro	Prolong the lifespan of xenograft nude mice	Rutin	Alonso-Castro et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2013
In vivo	Capillary-like tube formation and down regulation of VEGF expression	Acacetin	Liu et al., 2011; Bhat et al., 2013
In vivo	Suppressing PC-3 cancer and reducing EGFR activation in prostate cancer	“Snow lotus” extract	Way et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2013
In vitro	Cell invasion and motility	Rutin Acacetin Hispidulin	Pan et al., 2005; Araújo et al., 2011; Byambaragchaa et al., 2013; Yu et al., 2013; Kim H et al., 2014; Gao et al., 2014; Kim C et al., 2015
In vitro	Cell cycle, DNA synthesis	“Snow lotus” extract	Byambaragchaa et al., 2014
In vivo	Tumor size and SphK1	Hispidulin and rutin	Lin et al., 2012b; Gao et al., 2017