Table 5.
Questions on trauma knowledge and number of correct responses before the training
| Questions and correct options | Correct | Wrong |
|---|---|---|
| [n (%)] | [n (%)] | |
|
1. What does the initial assessment of trauma care not include? A. Drug use |
1092 (90.2) | 119 (9.8) |
|
2. The incorrect description of airway assessment and management in the initial assessment of trauma is: C. Connect the patient with a multifunction monitor when the patient arrives at the emergency department, and then, assess whether the airway is safe. |
963 (79.5) | 248 (20.5) |
|
3. In the initial assessment of trauma emergency, the key component of a respiratory assessment does not include: D. Fracture of the sternum |
1092 (90.2) | 119 (9.8) |
|
4. In the initial assessment of a trauma emergency, an incorrect assessment and treatment of circulation is: B. Central venous catheterization must be performed on patients with shock |
880 (72.7) | 331 (27.2) |
|
5. In the assessment of a trauma emergency, which is not one of the most common factors in patients with a disturbance of consciousness E. Cerebrovascular accident |
344 (28.4) | 867 (71.6) |
|
6. In the initial assessment of a trauma emergency, an incorrect description of disposure and environmental control is: C. Maintain the temperature of the rescue room to ensure the staff’s tolerance |
488 (40.3) | 723 (59.7) |
|
7. The most important immediate treatment for open pneumothorax: D. Close the wound with binders |
972 (80.3) | 239 (19.7) |
|
8. Pelvic fracture with urethral injury and shock: C. Anti-shock followed by pelvic traction and fixation, and then, urethral injury treatment |
840 (69.4) | 371 (30.6) |
|
9. The total time of single continuous use of a tourniquet for limb bleeding should not exceed: E. One hour |
782 (64.6) | 429 (35.4) |
|
10. The first choice for rapid assessment of closed abdominal injury is: B. Bedside FAST |
634 (52.4) | 577 (47.7) |
|
11. After a motorcycle accident, a patient presents with poor pupillary reflex and stabbing pain at the eye opening. He or she is unable to follow instructions and exhibits intermittent groans. He or she has a malformed right upper limb and does not respond to painful stimulation. He or she has obvious pain in the left upper limb when straightening the back. The GCS is: C. 6 points |
780 (64.4) | 431 (35.6) |
|
12. A 20-year-old female at 32 weeks’ gestation with a right upper chest puncture wound, an emergency BP of 80/60 mmHg, difficulty breathing, and anxiety yells for help. Respiratory sounds disappeared in the right chest. The most appropriate primary treatment is: C. Establish a venous route+ emergency puncture decompression in the right chest |
1134 (93.6) | 77 (6.4) |
|
13. A worker fell from 5 m high and landed on both feet. He or she has pain in the ankles and feet, numbness in the lower limbs, mild nausea without vomiting, a BP of 95/60 mmHg, and P of 100 beats/min, and the X-rays show a comminuted fracture of the calcaneus on both sides. Which assessment is the most likely to be missed in the emergency department? D. Spinal examination and radiology |
828 (68.4) | 383 (31.6) |
|
14. A 21-year-old farmer is admitted to the hospital 1 h after being injured by a stone. The patient is agitated and has a weak pulse. The abdomen is soft with light tenderness. A 5 cm-long skin wound is visible on the anterior superior iliac spine. Pelvic compression test is positive. What do you think is the most important measure to take: E. To stem the bleeding and fix the pelvis with a pelvic girdle or an external pelvic fixation bracket |
901 (74.4) | 310 (25.6) |
|
15. A 29-year-old male presents with pain and bleeding in the abdomen and both lower extremities for 4 h after a car accident. The physical examination results are as follows: BP of 127/83 mmHg, P of 121 beats/min, and RR of 21 times/min. He has abdominal tenderness, rebound pain (−), pelvic swelling, a malformed left hip, a movement disturbance, multiple skin and soft tissue contusions in both lower limbs, a passable bilateral femoral artery pulse, symmetrical, a left tibiofibular fracture and exposure and the left dorsal foot artery pulse disappears. No abnormality is seen in an abdominal B ultrasound scan. The most important treatment at present is: B. To complete the auxiliary examination, including a CT angiography study of both lower limbs and preparations for left lower limb revascularization. |
877 (72.4) | 334 (25.6) |
|
16. A 33-year-old male falls from the third floor. He is not in a coma and does not have a scalp laceration or bleeding, and he is admitted to the hospital due to acute pains in the left chest and left upper abdomen for 8 h. The physical examination results are as follows: RR of 45 times/min, P of 130 beats/min, and BP of 80/60 mmHg. Swelling and deformity of the left upper limb with a sensation of bone rubbing are present. A 5 × 4 cm ecchymosis on the left chest, full abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness, and muscular tension are present. The shifting dullness result is positive, with HB of 40 g/L. Which treatment should be done first: C. An immediate exploratory laparotomy after infusions |
757 (62.5) | 454 (37.5) |
|
17. A young patient has a stab wound in the fourth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line, bleeding, BP of 80/60 mmHg, HR of 130 beats/min, RR of 40 times/min, a weakened precordial beat, and distention of jugular vein. The key measure of treatment is: C. Exploratory thoracotomy |
867 (71.6) | 344 (28.4) |
|
18. A 35-year-old male presents with waist pain for 1 h due to fall from a high place. The physical examination results are as follows: BP of 110/75 mmHg, P of 107 beats/min, and RR of 28 times/min. Sensory and motor dysfunctions in both lower limbs, urinary and fecal dysfunctions, and perineal laceration with serious trauma contamination are present. X-rays indicate a burst fracture of L3. Of the following treatments, which is incorrect: B. Conservative treatment of spinal cord injury with a large dose of glucocorticoid and mannitol for dehydration |
622 (51.4) | 589 (48.6) |
|
19. For patients with inserted foreign matter, what is the immediate solution on site: C. Do not remove the foreign matter; transfer the patient to a hospital after performing simple fixation and dressing. |
1173 (96.9) | 38 (3.1) |
|
20. What indicates a fracture: A. Pelvic compression or a positive separation test result. |
1172 (96.9) | 39 (3.1) |
FAST Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma, MRI Magnetic resonance imaging, HR Heart rate, BP Blood pressure, WBC White blood cell, P Pulse, T Temperature, Hb Hemoglobin, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale