Table 2.
Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of surgery among patients with sepsis
| Odds ratio (95%CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|
| Gender (reference: female) | ||
| Male | 1.375 (1.328-1.423) | <.0001 |
| Age (reference: 18-44 years old) | ||
| 40-64 years | 2.639 (2.496-2.790) | <.0001 |
| ≥ 65 years | 5.862 (5.545-6.196) | <.0001 |
| Low income (reference : no) | ||
| Yes | 1.390 (1.34-1.441) | <.0001 |
| Urbanization level (reference:Moderate urbanization) | ||
| Highly urbanized | 0.937 (0.895-0.981) | 0.0056 |
| Emerging town | 0.938 (0.890-0.989) | 0.0181 |
| General town | 1.037 (0.983-1.094) | 0.1876 |
| Aged township | 1.269 (1.147-1.403) | <.0001 |
| Agricultural town | 1.266 (1.172-1.368) | <.0001 |
| Remote township | 1.205 (1.110-1.308) | <.0001 |
| Surgical procedures (reference: other surgery) | ||
| Esophageal surgery | 2.668 (1.217-5.847) | 0.0143 |
| Pancreatic surgery | 4.045 (2.466-6.635) | <.0001 |
| Small bowel surgery | 4.242 (3.170-5.675) | <.0001 |
| Gastric surgery | 2.927 (2.420-3.539) | <.0001 |
| Splenic surgery | 7.723 (4.614-12.927) | <.0001 |
| Gallbladder surgery | 1.032 (0.898-1.186) | 0.6583 |
| Hepatic surgery | 1.168 (0.890-1.534) | 0.2636 |
| Vascular surgery | 1.962 (1.305-2.949) | 0.0012 |
| Colorectal surgery | 1.184 (0.976-1.437) | 0.0862 |
| Thoracic surgery | 0.431 (0.272-0.683) | 0.0003 |
| Cardiac surgery | 0.763 (0.569-1.022) | 0.0696 |
| Hernia surgery | 0.034 (0.019-0.060) | <.0001 |
| Comorbidities (reference: without) | ||
| Carcinoma in situ | 0.830 (0.699-0.985) | 0.0332 |
| Diabetes | 1.494 (1.439-1.550) | <.0001 |
| Chronic heart failure | 1.414 (1.351-1.480) | <.0001 |
| COPD | 1.149 (1.107-1.192) | <.0001 |
| Chronic renal disease | 1.733 (1.644-1.827) | <.0001 |
| Chronic live disease | 0.568 (0.373-0.863) | 0.0081 |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 1.045 (0.939-1.163) | 0.4193 |
| Organ system dysfunction (reference: without) | ||
| Respiratory | 1.785 (1.697-1.877) | <.0001 |
| Cardiovascular | 2.441 (2.272-2.622) | <.0001 |
| Acute renal disease | 1.573 (1.416-1.747) | <.0001 |
| Hepatic | 1.194 (1.121-1.271) | <.0001 |
| Haematological | 1.699 (1.504-1.919) | <.0001 |
| Neurological | 1.140 (0.858-1.514) | 0.3665 |
| Metabolic | 1.667 (1.259-2.206) | 0.3665 0.0004 |
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval, COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.