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. 2020 Jan 21;10:768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-57608-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Sialyllactose-conjugated dendrimers minimally interfere with neuraminidase function. (a) The neuraminidase (NA) activity of different IAV strains in the presence of PAMAM dendrimers conjugated to either 3′-sialyllactose (3SL) or 6′-sialyllactose (6SL) with either four or eight surface groups ((3SL)₄-, (3SL)₈-, (6SL)₄- and (6SL)₈-PAMAMs) was measured using the NA-Star Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibitor Resistance Detection Kit. Oseltamivir carboxylate served as positive control and Lactose-PAMAM lacking sialic acid residues was included as negative control. Values were normalized to untreated samples and fitted curves of A/Brisbane/10/2007 and A/duck/Alberta/35/1976 are shown. Error bars indicate the standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments. (b) IC₅₀ values in µM for all used IAV strains (A/WSN/1933 (WSN/33), A/Brisbane/59/2007 (BR/59), A/Netherlands/602/2009 (NL/09), A/Panama/2007/1999 (PA/99), A/Brisbane/10/2007 (BR/10), A/duck/Ukraine/1/1963 (UK/63) and A/duck/Alberta/35/1976 (AL/76)).