Table 3.
Risk of Incidence for Cardiovascular Diseases, Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Cancer Stratified by H. pylori Treatment
| Incidence, no. (%) | Risk of incidence for H. pylori treatment cohort* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| H. pylori treatment group (n=5,541) | Control group (n=11,082) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 714 (12.9) | 1,232 (11.1) | 1.18 (1.07–1.29) | <0.001 | 1.13 (1.03–1.24) | 0.01 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 408 (7.4) | 814 (7.3) | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.962 | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) | 0.657 |
| Overall cancers | 429 (7.7) | 737 (6.7) | 1.18 (1.04–1.32) | 0.008 | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) | 0.035 |
| Stomach cancer | 54 (1.0) | 87 (0.8) | 1.24 (0.89–1.75) | 0.209 | 1.26 (0.90–1.78) | 0.182 |
| Non-stomach cancer | 381 (6.9) | 659 (6.0) | 1.17 (1.03–1.32) | 0.017 | 1.12 (0.99–1.27) | 0.078 |
| Oral cancer | 15 (0.3) | 19 (0.2) | 1.58 (0.80–3.11) | 0.185 | 1.60 (0.81–3.18) | 0.175 |
| Esophageal cancer | 3 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | 0.86 (0.22–3.31) | 0.823 | 0.82 (0.21–3.20) | 0.771 |
| Colorectal cancer | 67 (1.2) | 95 (0.9) | 1.42 (1.04–1.93) | 0.03 | 1.39 (1.01–1.90) | 0.043 |
| Liver cancer | 48 (0.9) | 101 (0.9) | 0.95 (0.67–1.34) | 0.774 | 0.83 (0.59–1.18) | 0.295 |
| Biliary tract cancer | 5 (0.1) | 17 (0.2) | 0.59 (0.22–1.59) | 0.297 | 0.59 (0.22–1.61) | 0.302 |
| Pancreatic cancer | 21 (0.4) | 31 (0.3) | 1.36 (0.78–2.36) | 0.282 | 1.25 (0.71–2.19) | 0.435 |
| Lung cancer | 34 (0.6) | 67 (0.6) | 1.02 (0.67–1.53) | 0.942 | 0.99 (0.65–1.49) | 0.942 |
| Breast cancer | 12 (0.2) | 24 (0.2) | 1.00 (0.50–2.00) | 1.000 | 0.98 (0.49–1.97) | 0.956 |
| Prostate cancer | 58 (1.0) | 101 (0.9) | 1.15 (0.83–1.59) | 0.397 | 1.13 (0.81–1.56) | 0.472 |
| Bladder cancer | 6 (0.1) | 17 (0.2) | 0.71 (0.28–1.79) | 0.462 | 0.70 (0.27–1.79) | 0.456 |
| Thyroid cancer | 42 (0.7) | 53 (0.5) | 1.59 (1.06–2.38) | 0.025 | 1.54 (1.03–2.32) | 0.037 |
| Brain, CNS cancer | 3 (0.1) | 6 (0.1) | 1.00 (0.25–4.00) | 1.000 | 0.87 (0.22–3.50) | 0.841 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 3 (0.1) | 4 (0.04) | 1.50 (0.34–6.70) | 0.595 | 1.39 (0.31–6.30) | 0.667 |
| Leukemia | 5 (0.1) | 3 (0.03) | 3.34 (0.80–13.97) | 0.099 | 3.51 (0.83–14.89) | 0.089 |
H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CNS, cerebral nervous system.
*
HR obtained using the Cox proportional hazard model. In the multivariate analyses, the covariates included were age, sex, economic status, residential area, Charlson comorbidity index score, and aspirin and statin use.