Table 4.
Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality Stratified by H. pylori Treatment
| Death, No. (%) | Risk of mortality for H. pylori treatment cohort* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| H. pylori treatment group (n=5,541) | Control group (n=11,082) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Overall | 229 (4.13) | 608 (5.49) | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 18 (0.32) | 34 (0.31) | 1.06 (0.60–1.88) | 0.842 | 0.96 (0.54–1.71) | 0.896 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 15 (0.27) | 66 (0.60) | 0.45 (0.26–0.79) | 0.006 | 0.46 (0.26–0.81) | 0.007 |
| Overall cancers | 68 (1.23) | 170 (1.53) | 0.80 (0.60–1.06) | 0.112 | 0.76 (0.57–1.01) | 0.058 |
| Stomach cancer | 6 (0.11) | 10 (0.09) | 1.20 (0.44–3.30) | 0.724 | 1.21 (0.44–3.38) | 0.71 |
| Non-stomach cancer | 62 (1.12) | 160 (1.44) | 0.77 (0.58–1.03) | 0.083 | 0.73 (0.55–0.99) | 0.04 |
| Oral cancer | 0 | 2 (0.02) | NA | NA | ||
| Esophageal cancer | 2 (0.04) | 3 (0.03) | NA | NA | ||
| Colorectal cancer | 5 (0.09) | 17 (0.15) | 0.59 (0.22–1.59) | 0.297 | 0.60 (0.22–1.64) | 0.319 |
| Liver cancer | 12 (0.22) | 45 (0.41) | 0.53 (0.28–1.01) | 0.052 | 0.48 (0.25–0.91) | 0.024 |
| Biliary tract cancer | 5 (0.09) | 13 (0.12) | 0.77 (0.27–2.16) | 0.618 | 0.79 (0.28–2.22) | 0.65 |
| Pancreatic cancer | 5 (0.09) | 13 (0.12) | 0.77 (0.27–2.16) | 0.618 | 0.67 (0.24–1.91) | 0.456 |
| Lung cancer | 15 (0.27) | 32 (0.29) | 0.94 (0.51–1.73) | 0.836 | 0.95 (0.51–1.75) | 0.857 |
| Breast cancer | 0 | 1 (0.01) | NA | NA | ||
| Prostate cancer | 0 | 4 (0.04) | NA | NA | ||
| Bladder cancer | 0 | 7 (0.06) | NA | NA | ||
| Thyroid cancer | 1 (0.02) | 0 | NA | NA | ||
| Brain, CNS cancer | 0 | 1 (0.01) | NA | NA | ||
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 (0.02) | 3 (0.03) | NA | NA | ||
| Leukemia | 3 (0.05) | 1 (0.01) | NA | NA | ||
H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CNS, cerebral nervous system; NA, not available.
*
HR obtained using the Cox proportional hazard model. In the multivariate analyses, the covariates included were age, sex, economic status, residential area, Charlson comorbidity index score, and aspirin and statin use.